Scripps Institution of Oceanography facts for kids

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Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Former names	Marine Biological Association of San Diego Scripps Institution for Biological Research
Type	Public
Established	1903
Parent institution	University of California San Diego
Director	Margaret Leinen
Academic staff	415
Administrative staff	800
Postgraduates	350
Location	La Jolla , California , US 32°51′56″N 117°15′13″W / 32.865437°N 117.253626°W / 32.865437; -117.253626

A view of Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 2011, taken from the Birch Aquarium.

Ellen Browning Scripps Memorial Pier

The Scripps Institution of Oceanography is the center for oceanography and Earth science based at the University of California, San Diego in La Jolla, California.

Originally founded in 1903, since becoming part of the University of California system in 1912, the institution has expanded its scope to include studies of the physics, chemistry, geology, biology, and climate of Earth.

History

The Scripps Institution of Oceanography was founded in 1903 as the Marine Biological Association of San Diego, an independent biological research laboratory. It was proposed and incorporated by a committee of the San Diego Chamber of Commerce, led by local activist and amateur malacologist Fred Baker, together with two colleagues. He recruited University of California Zoology professor William Emerson Ritter to head up the proposed marine biology institution, and obtained financial support from local philanthropists E. W. Scripps and Ellen Browning Scripps. They fully funded the institution for its first decade. It began institutional life in the boathouse of the Hotel del Coronado located on San Diego Bay. It re-located in 1905 to the La Jolla area on the head above La Jolla Cove, and finally in 1907 to its present location.

In 1912 Scripps became incorporated into the University of California and was renamed the "Scripps Institution for Biological Research." Since 1916, measurements have been taken daily at its pier. The name was changed to Scripps Institution of Oceanography in October 1925. During the 1960s, led by Scripps Institution of Oceanography director Roger Revelle, it formed the nucleus for the creation of the University of California, San Diego on a bluff overlooking Scripps Institution.

In November, 1936, the research vessel Scripps was sunk when there was an explosion in the galley, killing the cook and injuring the captain. This was not the first of Scripps' ships to sink, as the Loma ran aground 30 years prior in Point Loma. In 1965, Scripps began leasing 6 acres of land in Point Loma to tie up research vessels, including the RP Flip, from the US Navy. The navy gave this land to Scripps in 1975 and the facility was named the Nimitz Marine Facility (or MarFac) after Chester Nimitz.

The Old Scripps Building, designed by Irving Gill, was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1982. Architect Barton Myers designed the current Scripps Building for the Institution of Oceanography in 1998.

In 2007, the family and wife of late Roger Revelle donated 2.5 million dollars toward the Roger Revelle Chair endowed position, which Shang-Ping Xie now holds.

In 2019, Scripps received $1.2 million of philanthropic funding for a 42-foot research vessel, named after Dr. John Beyster and his wife Betty.

In May 2023, the Scripps campus in La Jolla opened the Ted and Jean Scripps Marine Conservation and Technology Facility. The building required the razing of 3 older buildings originally constructed in 1963 and reinforcing of the nearby hillside in 2014.

Research programs

Scripps Institution of Oceanography researchers at sea

The institution's research programs encompass biological, physical, chemical, geological, and geophysical studies of the oceans and land. Scripps also studies the interaction of the oceans with both the atmospheric climate and environmental concerns on terra firma. Related to this research, Scripps offers undergraduate and graduate degrees.

Today, the Scripps staff of 1,300 includes approximately 235 faculty, 180 other scientists and some 350 graduate students, with an annual budget of more than $281 million. The institution operates a fleet of four oceanographic research vessels.

The Integrated Research Themes encompassing the work done by Scripps researchers are Biodiversity and Conservation, California Environment, Earth and Planetary Chemistry, Earth Through Space and Time, Energy and the Environment, Environment and Human Health, Global Change, Global Environmental Monitoring, Hazards, Ice and Climate, Instruments and Innovation, Interfaces, Marine Life, Modeling Theory and Computing, Sound and Light and the Sea, and Waves and Circulation.

Organizational structure

Margaret Leinen took office as the Director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Vice Chancellor for Marine Sciences, and Dean of the Graduate School of Marine Sciences on October 1, 2013.

Scripps Oceanography is divided into three research sections, each with its own subdivisions:

• Biology
  • Center for Marine Biotechnology & Biomedicine (CMBB)
  • Integrative Oceanography Division (IOD)
  • Marine Biology Research Division (MBRD)
• Earth
  • Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics (IGPP)
  • Geosciences Research Division (GRD)
• Oceans & Atmosphere
  • Climate, Atmospheric Science & Physical Oceanography (CASPO)
  • Marine Physical Laboratory (MPL)

California Sea Grant

On October 25, 1973, California Sea Grant became a college (National Sea Grant College Program) administered by Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego.

Research vessels

Scripps research vessel Roger Revelle

Scripps owns and operates several research vessels and platforms:

• RV Roger Revelle
• RV Sally Ride
• RV Robert Gordon Sproul
• RV Bob and Betty Beyster

Hybrid Hydrogen Research Vessel

In 2021, Scripps was awarded $35 million for the development of a new coastal research vessel as a replacement for the RV Robert Gordon Sproul, in service since 1984. The proposed vessel would be 125 feet long and take 3 years to build, becoming the first hybrid-hydrogen research vessel in the UNOLS fleet and aiding in the University of California's Carbon Neutrality Initiative. Scripps chose Seattle-based architect Glosten as the ship's designer, having work experience from numerous other SIO vessels. It is expected that the research vessel will operate on hydrogen power for 75% of its operations.

Birch Aquarium at Scripps

Birch Aquarium at Scripps, with the Village of La Jolla in the background

Birch Aquarium at Scripps, the public exploration center for the institution, features a Hall of Fishes with more than 60 tanks of Pacific fishes and invertebrates from the cold waters of the Pacific Northwest to the tropical waters of Mexico and the IndoPacific, a 13,000-gallon local shark and ray exhibit, interactive tide pools, and interactive science exhibits.

Notable faculty members (past and present)

Notable alumni

2023 grad student low-wage protest

In June 2023, two graduate students and one recent graduate were arrested at their homes by University of California Police and held in custody overnight. They face two felony charges of criminal vandalism and criminal conspiracy related to a May 30 protest where the accused allegedly protested low graduate student wages by writing chalk messages on a newly opened building. The University alleges $12,000 in damages related to this incident. Union leadership in UAW 2865 and 5810, the local union chapters representing the arrested workers, accuse the University of California of retaliation and reneging on the contracts signed at the conclusion of the 2022 UC academic workers' strike. On July 10, 2023, hundreds of protesters gathered at San Diego's Central Courthouse to protest the arrests, however in a written statement the San Diego District Attorney's office said the arraignment would not move forward because the case had not been submitted to its office for review. However, university officials have up to three years to file charges and on July 18, 2023 UCPD obtained a warrant and searched a fourth student's house for evidence of chalk or union affiliation in relation to the May 30 incident.

See also

• Array Network Facility
• RISE project
• The Scripps Research Institute, a neighboring, but completely independent medical research institute
• Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, a private, non-profit oceanographic research center in Moss Landing, California
• Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, a multi-campus marine research consortium of the California State University System
• Hopkins Marine Station, a similar research facility run by Stanford University in Monterey, California
• Hatfield Marine Science Center, a similar research facility associated with the Oregon State University and located in Newport, Oregon
• Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, a similar research facility located in Woods Hole, Massachusetts