Image: Atomic-orbital-clouds spdf m0

Description: Collection of ten atomic hydrogen-like single-electron orbitals showing 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, 4s, 4p, 4d and 4f orbitals. The angular momentum quantum number l is denoted in each column, using the usual spectroscopic letter code ("s" means l=0; "p": l=1; "d": l=2; "f": l=3). The main quantum number n (=1,2,3,4,...) is marked to the right of each row. All orbitals are aligned along the z-axis and the magnetic quantum number m has been set to 0. The images are 3D renderings of the spatial density distribution of |𝜓|² with the color depicting the phase of 𝜓. The spatial distribution is smooth and vanishes for large radii. The cloud is a more realistic representation of an orbital than the more common solid-body approximations.
Title: Atomic-orbital-clouds spdf m0
Credit: Own work; created with hydrogen-cloud in Python  This PNG graphic was created with Python.
Author: Geek3
Usage Terms: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Attribution Required?: Yes