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Robert Treat Paine
Born (1933-04-13)April 13, 1933
Died June 13, 2016(2016-06-13) (aged 83)
Alma mater Harvard University (undergraduate)
University of Michigan (postgraduate)
Known for keystone species concept
Awards Sewall Wright Award (1996)
National Academy of Sciences
International Cosmos Prize (2013)
Scientific career
Institutions University of Michigan
University of Washington
Harvard University
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Thesis The Life History and Population Dynamics of Glottidia Pyramidata (Brachiopoda) (1961)
Doctoral students Paul Dayton
Bruce Menge
Jane Lubchenco

Robert Treat "Bob" Paine III (April 13, 1933 – June 13, 2016) was an American ecologist. He spent most of his career at the University of Washington.

Paine created the keystone species idea to explain the relationship between Pisaster ochraceus, a species of starfish, and Mytilus californianus, a species of mussel. Paine's research, and the work of his students, has been hugely influential in the field of ecology.

Paine died from acute myeloid leukemia, a type of blood cancer, at the Swedish Medical Center in Seattle, Washington on June 13, 2016, aged 83.

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