Image: Updated graphic 24.2.16

Description: Distribution of macular pigments constituent carotenoids presented in scale onto a photograph of a healthy human retina. This figure presents the distribution of macular pigments constituent carotenoids meso-zeaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein on a healthy human retina. The sources used to generate this figure, which guided on the localization of the carotenoids, and are summarized as follows: Published studies: Bone RA, Landrum JT, Dixon Z, Chen Y, Lerena CM. Lutein and zeaxanthin in the eyes, serum and diet of human subjects. Experimental Eye Research. 2000;71:239-245. Nolan JM, Akkali MC, Loughman J, Howard AN, Beatty S. Macular carotenoid supplementation in subjects with atypical spatial profiles of macular pigment. Exp Eye Res. 2012;101:9-15. Sabour-Pickett S, Beatty S, Connolly E, et al. Supplementation with three different macular carotenoid formulations in patients with early age-related macular degeneration. Retina. 2014;34:1757-1766. Akuffo KO, Nolan JM, Howard AN, et al. Sustained supplementation and monitored response with differing carotenoid formulations in early age-related macular degeneration. Eye (Lond). 2015;29:902-912. Online Sources: Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H. Interpretation of Stereo Ocular Angiography: Retinal and Choroidal Anatomy. Springer Science and Business Media. 2009; 301. Yanoff M. Ocular Pathology. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2009; 393. Small RG. The Clinical Handbook of Ophthalmology. CRC Press. 1994; 134. Peyman GA, Meffert SA, Chou F, Conway MD. Vitreoretinal Surgical Techniques. CRC Press. 2000; 6
Title: Updated graphic 24.2.16
Credit: Own work
Author: Macularcarotenoids
Usage Terms: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
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