By-election facts for kids
A by-election is a special election held in between general elections. General elections are when everyone votes for all members of a government body. By-elections are different because they only choose one or a few members.
A by-election might be needed if a member of parliament or other elected official leaves their job. This could happen if they resign (quit) or if they are removed from office. They might be removed for not following important rules or if they are no longer qualified to hold their position.
In the United States and the Philippines, by-elections are often called "special elections." In India, they are known as "bypolls."
In the 1980s, all 12 Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs) in the British House of Commons resigned. All the new elections happened on the same day. Even though there were many elections at once, they were still considered by-elections because they were not a full general election.
Contents
What is a By-Election?
A by-election is a special vote that happens outside of a regular general election. It is held to fill a single empty seat in a parliament, congress, or local council. Think of it like a substitute player coming into a game when a regular player leaves.
Why Do By-Elections Happen?
By-elections are needed for several reasons. The most common reasons are:
- A member of parliament or council member decides to resign (quit) their job.
- A member is removed from office for serious reasons, like not following important rules.
- A member is no longer qualified to hold their position.
These elections make sure that every area always has a representative speaking for them in government.
How By-Elections Work
When a seat becomes empty, the government or election body announces a by-election. People who live in that specific area then get to vote for a new representative. Only voters in that one area can take part in the by-election.
Candidates from different political parties, or independent candidates, will campaign to win the empty seat. The person who gets the most votes wins and becomes the new representative. They will serve until the next general election.
By-Elections Around the World
Different countries have different names for by-elections.
- In the United States, they are called special elections.
- In the Philippines, they are also known as special elections.
- In India, they are called bypolls.
These elections are a common part of how democracies work. They ensure that people always have a voice in their government.
Images for kids
-
A robot representing a helpful guide.
