Edward Cornplanter facts for kids
Edward Cornplanter (1856–1918), also known by his Seneca name So-son-do-wa (meaning "Deep Night"), was an important leader of the Seneca people. The Seneca are part of the larger Iroquois Nation, also called the Haudenosaunee. Edward Cornplanter was a strong supporter and teacher of the Code of Handsome Lake, an important spiritual path for his people.
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Early Life and Family
Edward Cornplanter was born in November 1856 on the Seneca Cattaraugus Reservation. His parents were Moses and Sarah (Phillips) Cornplanter. He was the great-great-grandson of another famous chief named Cornplanter, who was a leader during the American Revolutionary War.
Edward Cornplanter married Nancy Jack in 1882. They had several children. Two of their children became well-known: Jesse Cornplanter (1889–1957) grew up to be a famous artist and writer. His sister, Carrie Cornplanter (1887–1918), also had her childhood artwork shared with others. The family faced difficult times, including widespread illness that affected many people.
Preserving the Code of Handsome Lake
Edward Cornplanter was one of only six Iroquois leaders chosen to be "holders of the Gai'wiio." This means he was authorized to teach the important spiritual messages of the Code of Handsome Lake. He often traveled to different Iroquois reservations to share these teachings with others.
By 1903, Cornplanter became worried that these important oral traditions might be lost over time. To make sure they would be remembered, he wrote down the entire Code of Handsome Lake from his memory. He then gave this valuable manuscript to the archives of New York State so it could be kept safe for future generations. His son, Jesse Cornplanter, helped by drawing pictures for this important book.
Helping the New York State Museum
Besides writing down the Code of Handsome Lake, Edward Cornplanter also worked with the New York State Museum. He helped them gather information about the daily life and traditions of Native Americans in New York State. He shared details about how the Iroquois grew and used corn and other plants. He also told many of their traditional stories and myths, helping to preserve their rich culture.
Later Years
Edward Cornplanter passed away on June 10, 1918, at the Cattaraugus Reservation. His work helped to keep the traditions and history of the Seneca people alive for many years to come.
