Edward I (disambiguation) facts for kids

Edward I (born in 1239, died in 1307) was a powerful King of England. He ruled from 1272 until his death in 1307. He was known for his tall height and was sometimes called "Longshanks." Edward I made many important changes to English law and government. He also led several wars, especially against Wales and Scotland.

Becoming King

Edward was the son of King Henry III of England. He was born at the Palace of Westminster in London. As a young man, he took part in the Ninth Crusade. This was a journey to the Middle East. He was still on this journey when his father died in 1272. Edward then became King of England. He returned home to be crowned in 1274.

Important Changes and Laws

King Edward I was very interested in making laws. He wanted to make England's government stronger. He passed many important laws during his reign. These laws helped to shape the English legal system.

The Model Parliament

One of Edward's most famous actions was calling the "Model Parliament" in 1295. This was a meeting of important people from all over England. It included nobles, church leaders, and representatives from towns and counties. This meeting was a big step in the development of the English Parliament. It helped give more people a voice in government.

Wars and Conquests

Edward I was a strong military leader. He spent much of his reign fighting wars.

Conquest of Wales

Edward's biggest military success was the conquest of Wales. He led several campaigns against the Welsh princes. By 1284, he had fully brought Wales under English control. He built many strong castles in Wales to keep control. These castles are still famous today.

Wars with Scotland

Edward also fought long and difficult wars with Scotland. He tried to make Scotland part of his kingdom. However, the Scottish people, led by figures like William Wallace and Robert the Bruce, fought hard for their independence. Edward's wars in Scotland continued for many years. He died during one of these campaigns in 1307.

Legacy

Edward I is remembered as one of England's most important medieval kings. He strengthened the power of the crown. He also helped create many of the laws and government structures that lasted for centuries. His reign was a time of big changes for England.

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