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Image: Basilosaurus isis muscles

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Description: Jaw muscles of Basilosaurus isis and constraints for FEA. A. Jaw muscles of B. isis and muscle vector and moment arms for leverage-based force calculation. B. Adductors (red arrows) mapped onto a CTbased finite element model of the cranium of Basilosaurus isis WH-74, including the dentaries. C. Constraints for finite element analyses. In the all-muscles active analysis, the cranium was fully constrained at the left and right temporomandibular joints (TMJ), and tooth constraints were applied in respective bite analyses. In the posterior shear analysis, the only active muscles are the posterior temporalis, and only P3 is constrained.
Title: Basilosaurus isis muscles
Credit: Snively E, Fahlke JM, Welsh RC (2015) Bone-Breaking Bite Force of Basilosaurus isis (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Eocene of Egypt Estimated by Finite Element Analysis. PLoS ONE 10 (2): e0118380. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118380
Author: Snively E, Fahlke JM, Welsh RC
Usage Terms: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5
License: CC BY-SA 2.5
License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5
Attribution Required?: Yes

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