Image: Holyoke Immigration (1855-1920)

Description: Graph of the immigrant nationalities in Holyoke from 1855 to 1920, all data according to Constance McLaughlin Green is taken from respective U.S. Censuses with the exception of state censuses of Massachusetts for 1855 and 1880, and data from the Holyoke Transcript for 1870 appearing in an issue on September 17, 1870. This data is based on national origin at birth, but does not take into account the heritage/ancestry of those even in a 2nd generation, born to two parents falling into one of these foreign demographics. The 2nd generation may or may not be included in the "native born" for 1855, 1870 and 1880. Groups known to exist in Holyoke which may fall under the All Others category may speculatively include Chinese, Italians, Greeks, Jews, Lithuanians, Scots, and perhaps some Latino groups, although the Puerto Rican population would largely arrive after World War II. Due to the wide disparity between native born (2nd gen) and other groups, this demographic and other native born people are displayed corresponding to the grey axis at the right. These two shaded grey lines do not represent a stacked line chart.
Title: Holyoke Immigration (1855-1920)
Credit: Own work, adapted from data in Constance McLaughlin Green's "Holyoke, Massachusetts: A Case History of the Industrial Revolution in America"; page 367
Author: Simtropolitan
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