John Bradmore facts for kids
John Bradmore (died January 1412) was an English surgeon and metalworker who was author of the Philomena, one of the earliest treatises on surgery. He was a court surgeon during the reign of King Henry IV of England. He is best known for extracting an arrow embedded in the skull of the king's son, the future king Henry V at Kenilworth, after the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403.
Family
Bradmore is known to have practiced surgery along with other members of his family. His brother Nicholas Bradmore is also recorded as a surgeon in London, though John appears to have been the more successful of the two, amassing considerable property. John's daughter Agnes married another surgeon, John Longe. Bradmore worked as a court physician throughout the reign of King Henry IV.
According to historian Faye Getz, "Surgeons especially seem to have engaged in metalworking as a trade, probably making surgical instruments for themselves and for sale purposes." Bradmore was probably a skilled metalworker, as he is also referred to as a "gemestre" (gemster), which may mean he made jewellery.
Extraction
Before the Battle of Shrewsbury, Bradmore had been imprisoned on suspicion of using his metalworking skills for illegal purposes — namely counterfeiting coins. After the sixteen-year-old prince Henry had been shot in the face at Shrewsbury, he was released in order to aid him.
Bradmore attended the prince at Kenilworth, where the wounded Henry had been taken after the battle.
Later activities
For his service, he was paid an annuity of 10 marks a year. There are also records of payments to him for medicines for the king. In 1408, Bradmore was appointed Searcher of the Port of London.
The Philomena, which documents the newly invented device and the surgery on the king, was written at some time between 1403 and Bradmore's death in 1412. It was published by Bradmore's son-in-law, John Longe. The original was written in Latin. It was translated into English in 1446.
As an attendant to King Henry IV, Bradmore also oversaw the care of William Wyncelowe, the king's pavilioner. Bradmore attended him for 86 days, and Wyncelowe survived.
