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Siteswap relative visualized
Siteswap beats shown as relative height
Passing 5jugglers 15balls 4beats Star top
<3p3|3p4|3p5|3p1|3p2><3|3|3|3|3><3|3|3|3|3><3|3|3|3|3>

Below is a list of siteswaps or juggling patterns by siteswap.

Toss juggling requires more balls than hands. Thus tricks such as the one ball cascade toss back and forth, 300, for example, may not be considered valid patterns. Throws back and forth shower style, odd numbers, are the most common one prop practice. Invalid or practice patterns and tricks are marked with an X.

The numbers are as follows:

  • 0 = "missing"/rest [empty hand]
  • 1 = pass [between hands]
  • 2 = hold [one hand/no toss]
  • 3 = (3-ball) cascade toss [between hands]
  • 4 = (4-ball) fountain or columns toss [up and into same hand]
  • 5 = high toss [between hands]
  • ...
  • a = 10 = high columns/fountain toss
  • ...

Symbols:

  • Number: Relative height of a toss. 1, 2, 3...
  • Brackets []: Multiplex. [333]33.
  • Chevrons and vertical bar <|>: Simultaneous and passing patterns.
    • P: Pass. <333P|333P>
    • Fraction: Pass 1/y beats later. <4.5 3 3 | 3 4 3.5>
  • Parentheses (): Synchronous pattern.
    • *: Synchronous pattern that switches sides. (4,2x)(2x,4) = (4,2x)*
    • x: Toss to the other hand during a synchronous pattern.

Asynchronous

A pattern is symmetrical (S) if both hands play the same role and asymmetrical (A) if not. All asynchronous patterns whose periods are odd are symmetrical, and all asynchronous patterns whose periods are even are asymmetrical.

Juggling patterns by siteswap
Siteswap Name Props Period Symmetry
(S/A)
0
X
Empty hand 0 1 S
1
X
Direct toss to other hand 1 1 S
2
X
Holding a prop in each hand 2 1 S
3
Cascade,
reverse cascade, etc.
3 1 S
4
Fountain, etc. 4 1 S
5
Cascade,
reverse cascade, etc.
5 1 S
6
Fountain 6 1 S
7
Cascade 7 1 S
8
Fountain 8 1 S
9
Cascade 9 1 S
20
X
Hold a prop in 1 hand,
0 in the other
1 1 A
31
X
Two prop shower 2 2 A
40
2 in 1 (single handed column/fountain)
only valid two prop juggling pattern
2 2 A
42
2 in 1, hold 1 in the other 3 2 A
51
Shower 3 2 A
53
Half shower 4 2 A
60
Three in one 3 2 A
62
3 in 1, hold in the other 4 2 A
64
3 in 1, 2 in the other 5 2 A
71
Shower 4 2 A
73
Half shower (see synchronous) 5 2 A
75
Half-shower 6 2 A
80
Four in one 4 2 A
82
Four in one, hold in the other 5 2 A
84
Four in one, two in the other 6 2 A
86
Four in one, three in the other 7 2 A
91
Shower 5 2 A
93
Half-shower 6 2 A
95
Half-shower 7 2 A
97
Half-shower 8 2 A
312
X
Shower alternating direction 2 3 S
330
X
Cascade with a "hole" 2 3 S
423
Burke's barrage,
etc.
3 3 S
441
Half box
and reverse, 441 Mills Mess
3 3 S
453
453 4 3
501
Snowball 2 3 S
504
504, 450 3 3 S
522
522 3 3 S
531
531 and
531 Mills Mess
3 3 S
534
534 4 3 S
552
4 out of 5 4 3 S
561
561 4 3 S
612
See-saw 3 3 S
615
615 61616, 4 3 S
633
633 4 3 S
642
642 4 3 S
645
645 5 3 S
663
663 5 3 S
714
714 4 3 S
723
723 4 3 S
726
726 5 3 S
741
741 4 3 S
744
744 5 3 S
756
756 6 3 S
771
771 5 3 S
753
753 5 3 S
801
801 3 3 S
831
831 4 3 S
867
867 7 3 S
915
915 5 3 S
945
459 6 3 S
978
978 8 3 S
4413
4413 3 4 A
4440
Gap/3 out of 4 (fountain) 3 4 A
5223
Slow half-shower 3 4 A
5241
5241 3 4 A
5313
Asymmetric version of 531) 3 4 A
5524
5524 4 4 A
5551
5551 4 4 A
6312
6312 3 4 A
6424
6424 4 4 A
7131
High-Low Shower 3 4 A
7333
7333 4 4 A
7531
7531 4 4 A
7562
7562 5 4 A
7571
7571 5 4 A
8040
High-low three in one 3 4 A
9955
9559 7 4 A
40141
X
40141 2 5 S
42333
Marden's Marvel and Relf's Factory 3 5 S
42423
Orinoco Flow (423 with an extra 4) 3 5 S
44133
Frostbite and Mills Mess Shower 3 5 S
45141
45141 3 5 S
50505
Chase, snake, etc. 3 5 S
51234
12345 3 5 S
51414
51414 3 5 S
52233
Rubenstein's Revenge
and Romeo's Revenge
3 5 S
52512
Boston shuffle, "baby", etc. 3 5 S
52512*
Burke's Slam, (5251221525) 3 5 S
53133
Shuffler's mess 3 5 S
53444
Tennis 4 5 S
55014
55014 3 5 S
55244
55244 4 5 S
55500
"Flash" (3 out of 5) 3 5 S
55514
55514 4 5 S
55550
Gap/four out of five 4 5 S
56414
56414 4 5 S
66161
66161 4 5 S
66661
66661 5 5 S
67561
67561 5 5 S
68141
68141 4 5 S
75751
75751 5 5 S
77731
77731 5 5 S
81411
Super box 3 5 S
88333
88333 5 5 S
94444
94444 5 5 S
95353
95353 5 5 S
97333
97333 5 5 S
97441
97441 5 5 S
97522
97522 5 5 S
517131
One up one down 3 6 A
615150
Shower with a "leak" 3 6 A
661515
661515 4 6 A
719151
One high one low 4 6 A
777171
777171 5 6 A
5224233
Relf's Rubensteins 3 7 S
7161616
7161616 4 7 S
7272712
7272712 4 7 S
33333342
Icelandic Shuffle 3 8 A
123456789
123456789 5 9 S
8483848034
8483848034 5 10 A
53145305520
53145305520 3 11 S

Synchronous

Siteswap 4b (6x,4)(4,2x)(4,6x)(2x,4)
(6x,4)(4,2x)(4,6x)(2x,4)

A pattern is symmetric if all throws made by the right hand are made by the left hand in the same order. It follows that a synchronous pattern is symmetric if the sequence of throws made by one hand in the siteswap notation is a rotation of the other.

Juggling patterns by siteswap
Siteswap Name Props Period Symmetry
(S/A)
(2x,4x)
Half-shower 3 1 A
(4,2)
Fake Columns, yo-yo etc.
(identical to 42)
3 1 A
(4,2x)(2x,4)
Box 3 2 S
(4,4)
Columns, etc. 4 1 S
(4,4)(4,0)
Columns/One Up Two Up 3 2 A
(4,4)(4x,0)*
Alternating columns 3 4 S
(4,6x)(2x,4)
(4,6x)(2x,4) 4 2 A
(4x,2x)
Shower 3 1 A
(4x,2x)(4,2x)(2x,4x)(2x,4)
Double box 3 4 S
(4x,4x)
Crossing columns 4 1 S
(4x,6)(6,4x)
Box 5 2 S
(6,2x)(6,2x)*
Box 4 4 S
(6,2x)(6,2x)(2x,6)(2x,6)
(6,2x)(6,2x)(2x,6)(2x,6) 4 4 S
(6,4)
3 in 1, 2 in the other 5 1 A
(6,4x)(4x,2)
(6,4x)(4x,2) 4 2 A
(6,6)(6,2)
3 in 1, 2 in the other 5 2 A
(6,6)(6,6)(6,0)
3 in 1, 2 in the other 5 3 A
(6x,2)(6,2x)(2,6x)(2x,6)
(6x,2)(6,2x)(2,6x)(2x,6) 4 4 S
(6x,2x)
Shower 4 1 A
(6x,2x)(2x,6x)
Box shower/shower box 4 2 S
(6x,4)(4,2x)(4,4)(4,6x)(2x,4)(4,4)
Tennis 4 6 S
(6x,4)(4,2x)(4,6x)(2x,4)
Synchronous 534 4 4 S
(6x,4)(4,6x)
(6x,4)(4,6x) 5 2 S
(6x,4x)
Half shower 5 1 A
(6x,6x)(2x,2x)
(6x,6x)(2x,2x) 4 2 S
(8,2x)(4,2x)(2x,8)(2x,4)
Dan Bennett's box 4 4 S

Passing

Juggling patterns by siteswap
Siteswap Name Props Period Symmetry
(S/A)
Timing
(S/A)
<3p|3p>
One-count 6 1 S A
<3p3|3p3>
or <33p|33p>
Two-count 6 2 A A
<3p33|3p33>
Three-count 6 3 S A
<3p333|3p333>
Four-count 6 4 A A
<3p33333|3p33333>
Six-count 6 6 A A
<5p333><335p3>
Simplest 4 count 7 prop 7 4 A A

Ladder diagrams

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