Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome facts for kids
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (often called MDS) is a group of rare genetic conditions. These conditions are passed down in families and cause a big drop in the amount of mitochondrial DNA in certain parts of the body.
Mitochondrial DNA is special DNA found inside mitochondria. Mitochondria are like tiny power plants within our cells. They create the energy our bodies need to work properly. When there isn't enough mitochondrial DNA, these power plants can't make enough energy, which causes serious health problems.
What Are the Symptoms of MDS?
The symptoms of MDS can be different for each person. They depend on which parts of the body are most affected.
- Muscle problems (myopathic): This type mainly affects the muscles, making them weak.
- Liver problems (hepatopathic): This type mostly affects the liver, which can lead to serious liver disease.
- Brain and muscle problems (encephalomyopathic): This type affects both the brain and the muscles. It can cause problems with thinking, movement, and overall body function.
MDS is often very serious for babies and young children. Sadly, it can be fatal in infancy or early childhood. However, some people with the muscle-focused type have lived into their teenage years. A few people with a specific brain and muscle type (called SUCLA2) have even lived into adulthood.
Is There a Cure for MDS?
Right now, there is no cure for any form of Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. Doctors and scientists are working hard to find new treatments. Some early treatments have shown a small reduction in symptoms, which is a hopeful sign for the future.
