Plain sun orchid facts for kids

Plain sun orchid is a common name for two different types of orchid plants found in Australia. Both are beautiful wildflowers that belong to a group of orchids known as Thelymitra, often called "sun orchids" because their flowers usually open up only on warm, sunny days.

What is a Plain Sun Orchid?

Plain sun orchids are a type of terrestrial orchid, meaning they grow in the ground. They are known for their simple yet charming flowers. These orchids are part of the large and diverse orchid family, which includes many different kinds of plants with unique flower shapes and colors.

Thelymitra nuda: The Eastern Plain Sun Orchid

Thelymitra nuda is one of the plants known as the plain sun orchid. It is a species that grows naturally only in eastern Australia. This means it is endemic to that part of the country. It can be found in states like New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania.

Appearance and Habitat

This orchid typically grows to about 10 to 40 centimeters tall. It has a single, long, narrow leaf at its base. The flowers are usually a shade of blue, purple, or sometimes pink. They have a simple look, which is why they are called "plain." Thelymitra nuda often grows in open forests, woodlands, and heathlands. It prefers moist, well-drained soils.

Life Cycle

Like many sun orchids, the flowers of Thelymitra nuda open best on warm, sunny days. They are pollinated by insects, often small bees, which are attracted to the flower's appearance. The plant grows from a small underground tuber, which helps it survive through drier periods.

Thelymitra paludosa: The Western Plain Sun Orchid

The other plant known as the plain sun orchid is Thelymitra paludosa. This species is native to Western Australia. It is found in the southwestern parts of that state.

Appearance and Habitat

Thelymitra paludosa is similar in size to Thelymitra nuda, growing up to 30 centimeters tall. Its flowers are also typically blue or purple, and they share the simple, "plain" look characteristic of these orchids. This species often grows in damp areas, such as swamps or marshy lands, which is reflected in its scientific name "paludosa," meaning "of marshes."

Reproduction

Like its eastern cousin, Thelymitra paludosa relies on insects for pollination. The flowers open in response to sunlight and warmth, inviting pollinators. After successful pollination, the plant produces seeds that are very tiny, like dust. These seeds are spread by the wind and need a special fungus in the soil to help them grow into new plants.

Why are they called 'Plain Sun Orchids'?

The name "plain sun orchid" comes from two main features. "Sun orchid" refers to the fact that their flowers usually open only when the sun is shining brightly and the weather is warm. On cloudy or cool days, the flowers often remain closed. The "plain" part of the name describes their appearance. Compared to some other showy orchids, these species have a more simple and less ornate flower structure, but they are still very beautiful in their own way.