Ainavillo facts for kids

Ainavillo (also known as Aynabillo, Aillavilu, or Aillavilú) was an important Mapuche leader. His name comes from the Mapudungun language. Ailla means nine, and filu means snake. He was a toqui, which means he was a war chief or military leader of the Mapuche army.

Ainavillo led warriors from several Mapuche provinces. These included Ñuble, Itata, Renoguelen, Guachimavida, Marcande, Gualqui, Penco, and Talcahuano. He played a key role in trying to stop the Spanish from taking over Mapuche lands. This happened around the year 1550.

Facing Pedro de Valdivia

In 1550, the Spanish leader Pedro de Valdivia was trying to expand his control. He wanted to move into Mapuche territory. Ainavillo and his army stood in his way.

The Battle of Andalien

Ainavillo led a large army of about 20,000 warriors. They launched a surprise attack at night. This attack was on Valdivia's camp. It took place during the Battle of Andalien. Even with their surprise attack, Ainavillo's forces were defeated.

The Battle of Penco

After the loss at Andalien, Ainavillo did not give up. He gathered even more warriors. These new fighters came from allied regions. These areas were Arauco and Tucapel, south of the Bio-Bio River.

Ainavillo then planned another big attack. This time, it was against a new fort. Valdivia had built this fort in Concepcion, near what is now Penco. Ainavillo led a massive army of 60,000 warriors. They attacked the fort in three groups. This event is known as the Battle of Penco.

The Spanish recognized Ainavillo's group. Valdivia ordered all his cavalry to charge them. First, the Spanish used their firearms to weaken the Mapuche lines. Then, the cavalry charged with great force. Ainavillo's division broke apart quickly. They fled, and the Spanish chased after them. Seeing this, the other two Mapuche divisions also retreated.

See also

In Spanish: Aillavillú para niños