Air gap (networking) facts for kids

An air gap, also known as an air wall, is a special way to keep important computers super safe. Imagine a computer that's completely cut off from the internet and other networks. It's like building an invisible wall of air around it! This makes it very hard for hackers to get in. This security trick makes sure a computer or network is physically separate. This means it's not connected to the internet. It's also not connected to less secure networks. Think of it as a computer island. It has no bridges to the outside world. This makes it very secure.

What is an Air Gap?

An air gap is a strong network security measure. It's used for one or more computers. Its main goal is to make sure a secure computer network is physically isolated. This means it's not connected to unsecured networks. These can include the public Internet or a less secure local area network. Air gapped computers are often used in places where information is very secret. Network use must be limited or completely stopped.

Why Do We Need Air Gaps?

Some information is super secret. It might be about national defense. Or it could be important company secrets. These need the highest level of protection. Connecting these computers to the internet is risky. Hackers could try to steal data. An air gap stops this. It creates a safe zone. It protects against cyber attacks. These attacks often come from the internet.

How Does an Air Gap Work?

The idea behind an air gap is simple. It's about physical separation.

No Wires, No Wi-Fi

An air gapped computer has no network cables connected. It also has no Wi-Fi cards. It cannot send or receive data wirelessly. This means it cannot connect to the internet. It cannot connect to other networks either. It's like a computer that lives in its own bubble.

Moving Data Safely

If data needs to go in or out, it must be done manually. This usually involves a flash drive or a special disk. Someone physically carries the data. They move it from one computer to another. This process is very controlled. It often involves checking the data for viruses. This makes sure no bad software gets in.

Where Are Air Gaps Used?

Air gapped systems are used in many important places.

Government and Military

Governments use air gaps for classified information. This includes military secrets. It also protects national security data. These systems hold information that must not fall into the wrong hands.

Critical Infrastructure

Power plants, water treatment facilities, and nuclear sites use air gaps. These places are vital for society. A cyber attack on them could cause big problems. Air gaps protect their control systems.

Financial Institutions

Some banks and financial companies use air gaps. They protect very sensitive customer data. They also secure high-value transactions. This helps prevent fraud and theft.

Research and Development

Companies with valuable trade secrets use air gaps. They protect new product designs. They also secure important research data. This keeps their ideas safe from competitors.

See Also

• Network security
• Cybersecurity