Council of Assizes facts for kids

The Council of Assizes, also known as the Court of Assize, was an important group in early New York. This council had the power to create, change, or get rid of any laws in New York.

The Court of Assize met every year. The Governor and his Council were always there. They had full control over what happened during these meetings. The High Sheriff and judges from lower courts also joined them. These officials had to follow the Governor's lead.

The Council of Assizes in New York was quite special. At that time, New York did not have a special document called a charter. A charter is like a rulebook that gives a colony its rights and powers. New York also wasn't a "royal province," which meant it wasn't directly controlled by the King or Queen of England. This was because New York was built on land taken from the Dutch.

What Did the Council of Assizes Do?

The Council of Assizes made several important decisions and actions during its time.

First Meeting: 1665

• In October 1665, the first Court of Assize was held in New York.
• During this meeting, the main leaders, called "sachems," from Long Island came forward.
• They agreed to follow the rules set by Governor Nicoll.

Important Petition: 1666

• In 1666, Captain John Underhill played a key role.
• He was the main advisor for the Matinecock Indians.
• Captain Underhill presented a formal request, called a petition, on behalf of the Matinecock people.