Devil's Canyon (Kiowa County, Oklahoma) facts for kids
Quick facts for kids |
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Devil's Canyon
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 Location in Oklahoma
Location in the United States
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| Nearest city | Lugert, Oklahoma |
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| Area | 738 acres (299 ha) |
| NRHP reference No. | 72001066 |
| Added to NRHP | June 20, 1972 |
Devil's Canyon is a special place in Kiowa County, Oklahoma. It was here that the United States government first officially met with the Plains Indians. This important meeting happened on July 21, 1834. US troops, led by Colonel Henry Dodge, brought government officials to a peace meeting. They met at a Wichita village. This village was located where the canyon meets the North Fork of the Red River.
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Devil's Canyon: A Historic Meeting Place
Devil's Canyon holds a significant spot in American history. It is known as the location of the first formal meeting between the United States government and the Native American tribes of the Great Plains. This event was a major step in how the young United States interacted with the native peoples living on its western frontier.
What Happened at Devil's Canyon?
In the summer of 1834, a large group of US soldiers and government representatives traveled to Devil's Canyon. Their goal was to meet with various Native American tribes. The main purpose of this meeting was to establish peace and create agreements. They wanted to define boundaries and prevent conflicts as more settlers moved west.
The First Dragoon Expedition
The US troops who came to Devil's Canyon were part of the First Dragoon Expedition. This was a military journey led by Colonel Henry Dodge. A "dragoon" was a type of soldier who rode horses but fought on foot. The expedition's main goals were to explore the western territories. They also aimed to show the strength of the US military. Most importantly, they wanted to make peace treaties with the Native American tribes. This expedition helped the US government learn more about the lands and the people living there.
Who Were the Plains Indians?
The term "Plains Indians" refers to many different Native American tribes. These tribes lived on the vast grasslands of the Great Plains in North America. They included groups like the Comanche, Kiowa, and Wichita. These tribes often relied on hunting bison for food, clothing, and shelter. They had rich cultures and strong traditions.
The Wichita People's Village
The peace conference took place at a village belonging to the Wichita people. The Wichita are a Native American tribe. They traditionally lived in parts of what is now Oklahoma and Texas. Their villages often featured unique, dome-shaped houses made of grass. The village at Devil's Canyon was a well-known gathering spot. It was located where the canyon meets the North Fork of the Red River. A "confluence" is where two rivers or streams join together.
Why Was This Meeting Important?
The meeting at Devil's Canyon was a very important event. It marked the first time the US government formally sat down with many Plains Indian tribes. This meeting helped to set the stage for future relationships. It also showed the US government's desire to expand its influence westward. While it aimed for peace, it also began a long period of changes for Native American communities.
Colonel Henry Dodge's Role
Colonel Henry Dodge was a key figure in this historic meeting. He was a military officer and later became a governor. His leadership of the First Dragoon Expedition was crucial. He helped organize the meeting and ensure the safety of the government officials. His efforts were part of the US government's early attempts to manage its western expansion.
Lasting Impact
Devil's Canyon remains a significant historical site. It reminds us of a pivotal moment in American history. It highlights the complex interactions between the US government and Native American tribes. The site is now recognized for its historical importance. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
