Henry Ussher (astronomer) facts for kids

Henry Ussher (born 1741, died 1790) was an important Irish mathematician and astronomer. He is best known for being the very first Andrews Professor of Astronomy at Trinity College Dublin (TCD). This special title later also included being called the Royal Astronomer of Ireland. Henry Ussher played a big part in setting up the Dunsink Observatory near Dublin. He was also its first director.

Early Life and Education

Henry Ussher was the fourth son of Samuel Ussher. His father was a rector in Dunganstown, County Wicklow. Henry was a very bright student. He was chosen as a Scholar of Trinity College Dublin in 1759. He earned his first degree (B.A.) in 1761. He continued his studies and earned more degrees over the years. In 1764, he became a fellow at the college. This meant he was a senior member of the teaching staff.

Building Dunsink Observatory

On January 22, 1783, Henry Ussher became the first Andrews Professor of Astronomy. This was a very important job. His main task was to create a new observatory. He traveled to London to order special equipment for the planned Dunsink Observatory. He ordered powerful telescopes and other tools from a famous instrument maker named Jesse Ramsden.

Ussher carefully chose the perfect spot for the observatory in Dunsink, near Dublin. He also designed the building itself. He watched over its construction to make sure everything was built correctly. The observatory became a key place for studying the stars.

Achievements and Legacy

Henry Ussher became a member of the Royal Society of London in 1785. This was a great honor for scientists. He was also one of the first members of the Royal Irish Academy. This group focused on science and learning in Ireland.

Ussher wrote scientific papers for the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy. One of his famous papers was about Saturn's rings. He observed when the rings seemed to disappear and reappear in 1789. By studying Saturn's shape, he figured out how fast the planet spins. He calculated that Saturn spins around once every 10 hours and 12½ minutes.

Henry Ussher passed away in Dublin on May 8, 1790. He was buried in the college chapel at Trinity College.

Family Life

Henry Ussher was married to Mary Burne. They had a large family with three sons and five daughters. Their oldest son, Thomas Ussher, later became a well-known Admiral.