Indian Act facts for kids

The Indian Act is a Canadian law. It was first passed in 1876. This law is about registered Indians, their bands, and Indian reserves. It is still in use today, but it has been changed many times.

The Act guides how the Canadian government works with First Nations bands and their members. There are 614 First Nation bands in Canada. Throughout its long history, the Indian Act has caused much discussion. People have different ideas about what it means and how it affects Indigenous peoples.

What is the Indian Act?

The Indian Act is a special law in Canada. It defines who is considered a "registered Indian." It also sets rules for how First Nations bands are governed. The Act also manages Indian reserves, which are lands set aside for First Nations. This law has a big impact on the daily lives of many Indigenous people.

A Look at Its History

The Indian Act was created a long time ago. It was first put into law in 1876. At that time, the Canadian government wanted to control many aspects of Indigenous life. The Act brought together older laws about Indigenous peoples.

Why Was It Created?

The government created the Indian Act for several reasons. One main goal was to manage lands. Another goal was to control how Indigenous people lived. The government also wanted to encourage Indigenous people to adopt European ways of life. This was often called "assimilation."

How It Changed Lives

The Indian Act deeply affected First Nations communities. It decided who could be a "status Indian." It also controlled how bands managed their money and lands. For a long time, the Act even controlled many personal choices. For example, it limited how Indigenous people could practice their cultures.

Changes Over Time

The Indian Act has been changed many times. These changes are called "amendments." Over twenty major changes were made by 2002 alone. These changes often happened because Indigenous peoples and others asked for them.

Important Amendments

Some changes to the Act have been very important. For example, in 1951, some of the most controlling parts were removed. Before this, the Act banned certain cultural ceremonies. It also made it illegal for First Nations to hire lawyers to fight for their rights. Later changes aimed to give First Nations more control over their own affairs.

Why It's Discussed So Much

The Indian Act is still a topic of much debate. Many people, including Indigenous leaders, believe it is outdated. They say it has caused many problems for First Nations. It has been called a "colonial" law. This means it was created when Canada was still trying to control Indigenous peoples.

Different Views

Indigenous peoples have different views on the Act. Some want it to be completely removed. They believe it takes away their self-governance. Others want it changed to better support their communities. The Canadian government is also working with First Nations to find new ways forward.

Moving Forward

Today, there are ongoing efforts to change or replace the Indian Act. The goal is to create new relationships. These relationships would be based on respect and partnership. Many First Nations are working towards self-determination. This means they want to make their own decisions about their lands and communities.