Jacques Friedel facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Jacques Friedel
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Friedel in June 2011
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| Born | 11 February 1921 |
| Died | 27 August 2014 (aged 93) |
| Alma mater | |
| Known for | Theory of transition metals Theory of dislocations Friedel oscillations Friedel sum rule |
| Awards |
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| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Condensed matter physics |
| Doctoral advisor | Nevill Francis Mott |
Jacques Friedel (born February 11, 1921 – died August 27, 2014) was a famous French physicist and material scientist. He made important discoveries about how materials work. He was known for his work on metals and how tiny parts inside them behave.
Contents
His Early Education
Jacques Friedel went to a private school called Cours Hattemer. He then studied at the École Polytechnique from 1944 to 1946. After that, he attended the École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris until 1948.
In 1948, he earned a degree from the University of Paris. He also studied metallurgy at the School of Mines. Later, he went to the University of Bristol in England. There, he earned his PhD in 1952, working with a famous scientist named Nevill Francis Mott. He completed another advanced degree in Paris in 1954.
His Career in Science
Friedel started as an assistant professor at Paris-Sorbonne University in 1956. In 1959, he became a full professor of Solid State Physics. He taught at the University of Paris-Sud until 1989.
While there, he helped start the Laboratory of Solid State Physics. This lab studied how solid materials behave. He wrote over 200 articles for science journals. These articles shared his research with other scientists.
Friedel also led several important science groups. He was the president of the French Physical Society. He also led the European Physical Society. From 1992 to 1994, he was the president of the French Academy of Sciences.
Awards and Special Honors
Jacques Friedel received many awards for his scientific work. In 1970, he won the gold medal from the French CNRS. This is a very high honor in France for scientists.
He was also chosen as a member of important science academies around the world. These included the National Academy of Sciences in the US and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 1988, he became a Foreign Member of the Royal Society in the UK.
Friedel was also a fellow of the American Physical Society and the European Physical Society. In 1964, he received the Holweck Prize. He also won the Von Hippel Award in 1988.
He was given the Legion of Honour, which is France's highest award. He was promoted through different ranks of this honor. In 2013, he reached the highest rank, Grand Cross.
His Family's Science History
Science ran in Jacques Friedel's family. His great-grandfather, Charles Friedel, was a chemist. He studied organic chemistry and crystals at Paris-Sorbonne University.
His grandfather, Georges Friedel, worked on liquid crystals. These are special materials used in screens like those on phones and TVs. Jacques's father, Edmond Friedel, was also important in science. He was the director of the National School of Mines from 1937 to 1965.
See also
- Slater–Pauling rule
