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List of Russian dishes facts for kids

Kids Encyclopedia Facts

This is a list of notable dishes found in Russian cuisine. Russian cuisine is a collection of the different cooking traditions of the Russian Empire. The cuisine is diverse, with Northeast European/Baltic, Caucasian, Central Asian, Siberian, East Asian and Middle Eastern influences. Russian cuisine derives its varied character from the vast and multi-ethnic expanse of Russia.

Russian dishes

Zakuski (hors d'oeuvre)

Name Image Description
Caviar Ossetra caviar.jpg Processed, salted roe, often of sturgeon
Courgette caviar Squash Caviar.jpg Cold entrée made of stewed vegetables (predominantly courgettes). Usually it is eaten with bread
Julienne Julienne.jpg Мushrooms in cream or béchamel sauce topped with grated cheese and baked in a cocotte. Chicken, fish or seafood can also be used with or instead of mushrooms.
Kholodets Holodez s hrenom.JPG A meat jelly that is also known as studen
Salo Salo 050.jpg A dish consisting of cured slabs of fatback with or without skin
Stroganina Dish Stroganina .jpg A dish of the indigenous people of northern Arctic Siberia consisting of raw, thin, long-sliced frozen fish.
Zakuski Russian Celebration Zakuski.jpg Refers to a variety of hors d'oeuvres, snacks, appetizers, usually served buffet style. It often includes cold cuts, cured fishes, mixed salads, kholodets, various pickled vegetables and mushrooms, pirozhki, caviar, deviled eggs, open sandwiches, canapés and breads.

Soups

Name Image Description
Okroshka Kvass-okroshka.jpg Cold soup of mostly raw vegetables like cucumbers, spring onions, boiled potatoes, with eggs, and a cooked meat such as beef, veal, sausages, or ham with kvass, topped with sour cream
Rassolnik Rassolnik.jpg A soup made from pickled cucumbers, pearl barley, and pork or beef kidneys
Shchi Schi.jpg A cabbage soup. Also can be based on sauerkraut. Kislye Shchi (sour shchi) despite its name is a fizzy beverage similar to kvass, usually with honey.
Borscht Borscht with bread.jpg Russian traditional soup. It is traditionally made from meat or bone stock, sautéed vegetables, and beet sour (i.e., fermented beetroot juice). Depending on the recipe, some of these components may be omitted or substituted.
Svekolnik Chlodnik (Cold Borscht).jpg Cold borscht involves use of dairy products and halves of boiled eggs.
Solyanka Soljanka with olives.jpg A thick, spicy and sour soup that contains meat and pickled cucumbers
Fish Solyanka Fish solyanka.JPG Variation of solyanka replacing meat with fish.
Shchavel soup
(green shchi)
Зеленый суп.jpg Water or broth, sorrel leaves, salt, sometimes with whole eggs or egg yolks, potatoes, carrots, parsley root, and rice
Ukha Уха с семгой.jpg A clear soup, made from various types of fish

Salads

Name Image Description
Dressed herring (Seld pod shuboi) Selidi pod shuboi.jpg Diced, salted herring covered with layers of grated, boiled vegetables (potatoes, carrots, beet roots), chopped onions, and mayonnaise
Mimosa salad Mimoza salat e-citizen.jpg A festive salad, whose main ingredients are cheese, eggs, canned fish, onion, and mayonnaise
Olivier salad (Stolichniy salad) Russischer Oliviersalat.JPG Diced potatoes, eggs, chicken or bologna, sweet peas, and pickles with a mayonnaise dressing. Other vegetables, such as carrot or fresh cucumbers, can be added.
Vinegret Vinegret.jpg Diced boiled vegetables (beet roots, potatoes, carrots), chopped onions, and sauerkraut and/or pickled cucumbers. Other ingredients, such as green peas or beans, are sometimes also added. Dressed with vinaigrette, mayonnaise or simply with sunflower or other vegetable oil.

Meat dishes

Name Image Description
Beef Stroganov Moscow (8351271825).jpg Pieces of sautéed beef in sauce, with smetana (sour cream)
Chicken Kiev Chicken Kiev - Ukrainian East Village restaurant.jpg A dish made of chicken fillet pounded and rolled around cold butter, then coated with eggs and bread crumbs, and either fried or baked.
Golubtsy Golubzi4.jpg Cooked cabbage leaves wrapped around a variety of fillings
Makarony po-flotski Navy-style 2020-01-30 Макароны «по-флотски».jpg Literally navy-style pasta, a dish made of cooked pasta (typically macaroni, penne or fusilli) mixed with stewed ground meat, fried onions and seasoned with salt and black pepper.
Pelmeni Pelmeni Russian.jpg Dumplings consisting of a meat filling wrapped in thin, pasta dough
Pozharsky cutlet Pozharsky cutlet A breaded ground chicken patty
Shashlyk Chenjeh1.jpg A dish of skewered and grilled cubes of meat.
Veal Orlov French meat.jpg A dish invented by the French consisting of braised loin of veal, thinly sliced, filled with a thin layer of pureed mushrooms and onions between each slice, topped with bechamel sauce and cheese. Various versions of this dish usually go by the name French-style meat in Russia today.

Pancakes

Name Image Description
Blini Blini with beef.jpg Pancakes of various thickness and ingredients
Oladyi ОладкиУкраїнські.jpg Small thick pancakes
Syrniki
(tvorozhniki)
Syrniki.jpg Fried pancakes made of tvorog, usually topped with sour cream, varenye, jam, honey, or apple sauce

Bread

Name Image Description
Baranka Barankas.jpg A dough ring somewhat smaller than a bublik, but also thinner and drier
Borodinsky bread Borodinoer Brot, borordinsky bread, бородинский хлеб II.jpg Dark brown sourdough rye bread
Bublik Bublik in Kiev with Sesame.JPG A ring of yeast-leavened wheat dough, that has been boiled in water for a short time before baking
Karavai Russian bread and salt.jpg A large round braided bread, traditionally baked from wheat flour and decorated with symbolic flags and figurines, such as suns, moons, birds, animals, and pine cones.
Kalach Lob NARkult 09.JPG Historically, kalach meant any kind of white bread, and before modern methods of grinding wheat came into use, white bread was classed as a type of fancy bread.
Kulich Kulich pies.JPG One of the two sine qua non attributes of the Russian Easter (the other is Paskha). A type of Easter bread.
Sushki Sooshki.jpg Traditional small, crunchy, mildly sweet bread rings eaten for dessert, usually with tea or coffee

Pirogi (pies)

Name Image Description
Kulyebyaka Salmon Coulibiac 2.jpg A fish (usually salmon or sturgeon) loaf, with rice, hard-boiled eggs, mushrooms, and dill
Karelsky pirog Karjalanpiirakka-20060227.jpg A traditional pirog from the region of Karelia.
Kurnik Kurnik.jpg A dome-shaped savoury type of Russian pirog, usually filled with chicken or turkey, eggs, onions, kasha or rice, and other optional components.
Rasstegai Rasstegai s gorbushei.jpg The filling usually contains fish, but may also contain meat, liver, rice or mushrooms.
Pirog Pirog from Stolle 02.jpg A pie either with a sweet or savoury filling
Pirozhki Piroshki.JPG Small pies
Vatrushka Vatrushka.jpg A pastry with a ring of dough and sweet tvorog in the middle

Kasha (porridge)

Name Image Description
Kasha Гречка (каша).jpg Porridge. Buckwheat, millet, oat and wheat kashas are widely popular in Russia.
Gorokhovaya kasha Pea puree.jpg Pease porridge, similar to British pease pudding.
Guriev porridge Gurievskaya porridge photo 05-2017.jpg A Russian porridge dish prepared from semolina and milk with the addition of nuts (hazelnut, walnuts, almonds), kaimak (creamy foams) and dried fruits.
Kutia Kutia Natalii.jpg A ceremonial grain dish with sweet gravy.
Mannaya kasha Griessbrei.jpg Semolina porridge, similar to the Guriev one.
Perlovka (Pearl barley kasha) Lemon Barley Pilaf.jpg Pearl barley porridge.

Sauces

Name Image Description
Khren Food 013 white.JPG A spicy paste made of grated horseradish.
Khrenovina Khrenovina-sauce.jpg A spicy horseradish sauce served with a main course, which is very popular in Siberia.
Smetana Crème d'Isigny 2.JPG A dairy product produced by souring heavy cream.

Desserts

Name Image Description
Russian-style Charlotte Charlotte (dessert).jpg A cold dessert of Bavarian cream set in a mold lined with ladyfingers.
Medovik Medovik.jpg The identifying ingredients are honey and smetana (sour cream) or condensed milk.
Russian-style Napoleon cake Mille-feuille 006.JPG A dessert made of puff pastry layered with pastry cream.
Paskha Paskha2.jpg Tvorog (farmer's cheese) plus heavy cream, butter, sugar, vanilla, etc., usually molded in the form of a truncated pyramid. Traditional for Easter.
Pryanik Big Tula Gingerbread.JPG A range of traditional sweet baked goods made from flour and honey.
Pastila Kolomna Pastila.jpg It has been described as "small squares of pressed fruit paste" and "light, airy puffs with a delicate apple flavor".
Syrok Varskes surelis2.jpg A type of sweet dairy food made from glazed or unglazed curd cheese with or without filling.
Khvorost Faworki (close-up).jpg A traditional sweet crisp pastry made out of dough that has been shaped into thin twisted ribbons, deep-fried and sprinkled with powdered sugar
Pyshka (or Ponchik) 7 muffins and 2 coffee - the standard of student time-) - panoramio.jpg A Russian variety of doughnut.
Varenye Az-Strawberry jam, making by e-citizen (moonsun1981).JPG It is made by cooking berries, other fruits, or more rarely nuts, vegetables, or flowers, in sugar syrup.
Zefir Zefyrai.JPG A type of soft confectionery made by whipping fruit and berry purée (mostly apple puree) with sugar and egg whites with subsequent addition of a gelling agent like pectin, carrageenan, agar, or gelatine.

See also

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List of Russian dishes Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.