List of Texas hurricanes facts for kids
The state of Texas is often visited by powerful storms called hurricanes. It's the second state in the United States that gets hit by the most hurricanes, right after Florida. These big storms have been affecting Texas for a very long time, with records going back to 1527!
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What is a Hurricane?
A hurricane is a huge, spinning storm that forms over warm ocean waters. It's like a giant, swirling engine that brings very strong winds, heavy rain, and dangerous waves. When these storms reach land, they can cause a lot of damage.
How Hurricanes Form
Hurricanes start when warm, moist air rises from the ocean surface. This creates an area of low pressure. More air rushes in to fill this space, and because of the Earth's spin (called the Coriolis effect), the air starts to swirl. As more warm, moist air rises, the storm grows bigger and stronger. It needs ocean water that is at least 80°F (26.5°C) and a depth of about 150 feet (45 meters) to keep growing.
A fully formed hurricane has an "eye" in the center, which is a calm, clear area. Around the eye is the "eyewall," where the strongest winds and heaviest rain are found.
Hurricane Dangers
Hurricanes are very dangerous because of several things:
- Strong Winds: Winds can blow over 157 miles per hour (252 km/h), strong enough to knock down trees, power lines, and even buildings.
- Storm Surge: This is a rise in sea level caused by the storm's winds pushing water towards the shore. It can flood coastal areas very quickly and is often the most dangerous part of a hurricane.
- Heavy Rain and Flooding: Hurricanes drop huge amounts of rain, which can cause rivers to overflow and lead to widespread flooding far inland.
- Tornadoes: Sometimes, hurricanes can also create tornadoes as they move over land, adding another danger.
Why Texas Gets So Many Hurricanes
Texas is located right on the Gulf of Mexico. The waters of the Gulf are often very warm, especially during the summer and fall months. This warm water is like fuel for hurricanes, allowing them to form and grow stronger as they move towards the Texas coast. The shape of the coastline can also sometimes make storm surges even worse in certain areas.
Preparing for Hurricanes
Living in a state like Texas means it's important to know how to stay safe during hurricane season, which runs from June 1st to November 30th.
- Have a Plan: Families should have a plan for what to do if a hurricane threatens, including where to go and how to communicate.
- Emergency Kit: It's good to have a kit with water, non-perishable food, flashlights, batteries, a first-aid kit, and important documents.
- Stay Informed: Pay attention to weather forecasts and warnings from local authorities. If told to evacuate, leave immediately.
See also
- List of United States hurricanes
