Mahmood Shah Bahmani II facts for kids

Mahmood Shah (also known as Shihab-Ud-Din Mahmud) was a ruler of the Bahmani Sultanate. He was the Sultan from 1482 until he passed away in 1518. His time as ruler is remembered because the Bahmani Sultanate broke apart. This led to the creation of several independent kingdoms called the Deccan sultanates.

Mahmood Shah's Rule

Mahmood was born around 1470. He was the son of Muhammad Shah Lashkari. He became the Sultan when he was only 12 years old. This happened on March 26, 1482.

Early Years as Sultan

A new group of advisors was formed to help him rule. This group was called the Regency. The Queen was in charge of this group. Malik Na'ib was also a key advisor. He was involved in the death of a powerful minister named Mahmud Gawan.

Mahmood's early rule saw a power struggle. There were new powerful leaders like Yusuf Adil Shah. They were against the older, traditional nobles from the Deccan region. Malik Na'ib led these older nobles.

There was an attempt to kill Yusuf Adil Shah. After this, the Sultan went to Bijapur. He left the country's management to a leader called a viceroy. This viceroy was Nizam-ul-Mulk Malik Hasan Bahri. He and his fellow Deccani nobles were in charge.

In 1486, Malik Na'ib himself was killed. In 1487, some Deccani nobles tried to kill the Sultan. This led to many Deccani nobles being killed. This event made the new leaders even stronger.

Weak Leadership and Rebellions

The Sultan's power became very weak. This caused many nobles to become restless. Some powerful regional governors started acting like kings. For example, Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk took royal titles.

Other governors openly rebelled against the Sultan. Qasim Barid I led one of the first revolts from Bidar. He successfully defeated the army sent by the Sultan. Qasim Barid was then made Barid-ul-mumalik. This meant he became the prime minister. He was the real ruler, while the Sultan lived a life of luxury. The King spent so much money that he even used jewels from the royal throne to pay for things.

Rise of New Sultanates

On May 28, 1490, Malik Ahmad Nizam Shah I rebelled. He defeated the Bahmani army. He then built a palace and started the new Ahmednagar Sultanate.

Yusuf Adil Shah also created his own kingdom. This was the Adil Shahi dynasty based in Bijapur. Within the same year, Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk created the Berar Sultanate.

In 1492, Qasim Barid started the Bidar Sultanate in Bidar. Finally, the Golconda Sultanate became independent in 1518. This happened under Quli Qutb Shah. Their capital was at Golconda in modern Hyderabad.

Krishnadevaraya's Influence

Krishnadevaraya was a powerful ruler from another kingdom. He marched towards Bidar to find Barid. Krishnadevaraya won the battle and captured the fort.

He then put Sultan Mahmud Shah back in power in Bidar. This showed his smart strategy. He wanted to cause disagreements among his Muslim neighbors. Because of this important act, Krishnadevaraya earned the title 'Yavana-rajya-sthapana-charya'.

End of Rule

Qasim Barid died in 1504. His son, Amir Barid, then became the prime minister. Sultan Mahmood Shah passed away on December 27, 1518. His son, Ahmed, became the next Sultan.