Martin of Littlebury facts for kids

Sir Martin of Littlebury (who passed away in 1274) was an important English clerk and judge. He played a key role in the legal system during the 13th century. He served as the Chief Justice of the Common Pleas and later as the Lord Chief Justice of England.

Early Career and Beginnings

Martin of Littlebury first appears in records around 1242. At this time, he was working as a clerk for the King. It's believed he had been working for the government even before this.

In 1242, he received a special gift: a half-share of a church in Blackburn. In 1245, he also received a special permission from the Pope. He likely worked for one of the King's judges or for the main government office called the Court of Chancery.

Around this time, he was also given a position at the parish church in Kirkoswald, Cumbria. Later, in 1250, he became a Canon of Salisbury Cathedral. This was a special religious role, given to him by another royal judge, William of York.

Becoming a Royal Judge

In the late 1240s, Martin sometimes served as a judge in local courts called Assize Courts. However, he didn't become a full-time royal judge until the 1260s.

In 1261, he worked as a junior judge on three special court circuits known as Eyres. These were led by a judge named Gilbert of Preston. By 1262, Martin became a senior judge leading his own Eyre circuits.

His last Eyre circuit was in 1263 in Lincolnshire. However, this circuit was never finished because of the start of the Second Barons' War. This was a conflict between King Henry III and a group of powerful noblemen.

After the Barons' War

During the time when Simon de Montfort was very powerful (often called the "uncrowned King of England"), Martin did not serve as a judge. He returned to the court in 1267.

At this time, he was appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. This was a very important position. After the Battle of Evesham in 1265, where de Montfort was defeated, Martin was known for being a calm and fair voice. He suggested that help should be given to the widows of those who died in the war. He also wanted support for the wives of noblemen who survived but had lost their lands.

Final Years and Legacy

Sir Martin served as Chief Justice of the Common Pleas until 1272. When King Henry III passed away that year, Martin was appointed to an even higher position: the Lord Chief Justice.

He held this top judicial role for less than two years, passing away in June 1274. His cousin, Robert de Littlebury, also became an important legal figure, serving as a judge in Ireland.