Rearguard Affair of Étreux facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Rearguard Affair of Étreux
Part of the Great Retreat on the Western Front of World War I
Date 27 August 1914 Location Étreux, France 49°59′42″N 03°39′27″E / 49.99500°N 3.65750°E / 49.99500; 3.65750 Result German victory
Belligerents
United Kingdom	German Empire
Commanders and leaders
Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien	Alexander von Kluck Karl von Bülow
Strength
around 800 with two field guns	4,000–5,000
Casualties and losses
around 600 killed and wounded, 240 men and 4 officers  (POW)	as many as 1,500

The Rearguard Affair of Étreux was fought at Étreux by the British Expeditionary Force during the Great Retreat on the Western Front in 1914.

Background

The German 2nd Army commander General Karl von Bülow had ordered a rapid pursuit after the battles of 21–24 August against the French Fifth Army and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). The 1st and 2nd Armies were sent to the south-west to gain the left flank of the Allied line. After encountering "especially obstinate" resistance at Marbaix and Le Grand-Fayt, the German Imperial Army's X (Reserve) Corps had been ordered to continue its advance to the south-west. The 2nd Royal Munster Fusiliers had been ordered to hold its ground at all costs, in their first action in France.

Battle

Less than a battalion strength, just 3 companies of the 2nd Battalion of "The Munsters" supported by a couple of field guns halted the advance of the German Army for fourteen hours in the area of Oisny and Étreux during the retreat from Mons on 27 August.

Under continual pressure from German attacks the Munsters fell back to an orchard near the village of Étreux. As night fell on the evening of the 27 August, they found themselves surrounded by the Germans. Having exhausted their ammunition they surrendered. In their action at Ètreux only four officers and 240 other ranks of the 2nd Munsters survived but the battalion delayed German pursuit of the British I Corps, gaining time for the British Expeditionary Force to escape. The 2nd Munsters were outnumbered at odds of over 6:1 and when finally defeated, the survivors were congratulated on their bravery by the German soldiers they had fought. The German X (Reserve) Corps continued its advance towards Wassigny and Étreux on 27 August, where its constituent 19th (Reserve) Division reported that it had "scattered a British battalion".