Seasonal affective disorder facts for kids

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that happens at certain times of the year, usually during winter. People who experience SAD often start to feel much better when spring arrives. It's like your mood changes with the seasons.

What is Seasonal Affective Disorder?

Seasonal affective disorder, or SAD, is a real medical condition. It's sometimes called "winter depression" because it mostly affects people when the days get shorter and there's less sunlight. It's more than just feeling a little down; it can make daily life harder.

Why Do People Get SAD?

Scientists believe SAD might be linked to how our bodies react to light. When there's less sunlight, our brains might produce less of a chemical called serotonin, which helps control mood. Also, the body might produce more melatonin, a hormone that makes you feel sleepy. This can mess with your body's natural clock.

What Are the Symptoms of SAD?

If someone has SAD, they might notice several changes in how they feel and act. These symptoms usually start in the fall or winter and get better in the spring.

Common Signs of SAD

• Feeling sad, grumpy, or anxious a lot.
• Losing interest in activities you normally enjoy, like hobbies or playing with friends.
• Craving and eating more carbohydrates, such as bread, pasta, or sweets.
• Gaining some weight.
• Sleeping much more than usual but still feeling tired and sleepy during the day.
• Having less energy for school or other activities.

How Can SAD Be Treated?

The good news is that SAD can be treated, and there are ways to help people feel better.

Light Therapy for SAD

One common treatment is called light therapy. This involves using a special light box that gives off a bright light, similar to natural sunlight.

• Some people sit in front of a light box for about 30 minutes or more each morning.
• Sometimes, a special light comes on slowly in the morning, getting brighter like a sunrise, even while you're still asleep. This helps your body wake up naturally and adjust to the day.

Other Ways to Help with SAD

Besides light therapy, other things can help manage SAD:

• Spending time outdoors, especially on sunny days.
• Getting regular exercise, which can boost your mood.
• Eating a healthy and balanced diet.
• Talking to a doctor or a counselor if you're feeling very sad or overwhelmed. They can offer more advice and support.

See also

In Spanish: Trastorno afectivo estacional para niños