Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics facts for kids
| Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística | |
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| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 29 May 1936 |
| Headquarters | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Employees | 11,850 |
| Annual budget |  R$ R$ 2.45 billion (2022) |
| Agency executive |
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| Parent agency | Ministry of the Economy |
| Footnotes | |
| The Demographic Census 2022 budget is R$ 2.29 billion |
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The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Portuguese: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística), often called IBGE, is a very important agency in Brazil. Its main job is to collect official information about the country. This includes facts and figures (statistics), details about places (geography), maps (cartography), and information about the environment.
IBGE also conducts a big national survey, called a decennial census, every ten years. In this survey, they ask people questions about their age, how much money their family earns, if they can read, their education, jobs, and even hygiene. This helps Brazil understand its population better.
IBGE started in 1936 as the National Institute of Statistics. Its founder was a statistician named Mário Augusto Teixeira de Freitas. The agency got its current name, IBGE, in 1938. Its main office is in Rio de Janeiro. The current president is Marcio Pochmann. IBGE is part of the Ministry of the Economy.
Contents
How IBGE Works
IBGE has offices and teams all over Brazil to collect and share information.
- It has 27 offices in different states and the Federal District.
- There are also 27 centers that help share the information they collect.
- They have 27 units that check and supervise map-making.
- IBGE has 585 offices in major cities where they collect data.
- The main office is in Rio de Janeiro.
In Rio de Janeiro, there are also five main departments and a special school. These departments handle things like research, geography, computer systems, and sharing information.
What the Departments Do
The Research Department plans and organizes how statistical data is collected. The Geosciences Department is in charge of making maps, setting up the national system for measuring the Earth (geodesy), and studying Brazil's natural resources and environment.
The Center for Documentation and Information Dissemination shares all the information IBGE produces. It also helps coordinate the other 27 information centers across the country.
National School of Statistical Sciences
IBGE also has a special school called the National School of Statistical Sciences. This school trains IBGE employees. It is also a federal university that offers courses like a bachelor's degree in statistics and master's degrees in population studies.
IBGE even looks after a special nature area called the Roncador Ecological Reserve, which is near Brasília.
Understanding Brazil's Economy
IBGE helps us understand Brazil's economy. They collect data on things like how much is produced, how much people spend, and how wealth is created. This helps create a clear picture of the country's economic health.
Quarterly Economic Updates
Every three months, IBGE releases updates on Brazil's economy. They show how much the country's economy has grown or shrunk. This includes information on what people are buying, how much the government is spending, and how much is being invested. This information helps people understand economic changes over time.
What Information Does IBGE Collect?
IBGE collects a huge amount of information through various surveys. This data helps the government and businesses make good decisions.
Here are some examples of the types of information they collect:
- Facts about farming and crops in different cities.
- Information about livestock (farm animals).
- Data on plants and forests.
- Surveys about different industries and businesses.
- Information about construction projects.
- Surveys about trade and services.
- Details about employment and wages.
- Information about household budgets and how families spend money.
Why Data Collection is Important
When IBGE collects information, it is kept private and used only for statistics. This means the information you share cannot be used against you in court or for any other legal purpose. It is only used to create overall numbers and facts about the country.
It is important to provide correct information to IBGE when they conduct surveys. If people do not provide information or give false details, there can be a fine. This is because accurate information is crucial for the country's planning and development.
Key Economic Numbers from IBGE
IBGE releases important numbers that show how prices are changing for consumers. These are called Consumer Price Indices.
- National Index of Consumer Prices (INPC): This shows how much prices are changing for families with lower incomes.
- Broad National Consumer Price Index (IPCA): This is the main measure of inflation (how much prices are going up) for most people in Brazil.
- National Index of Construction (INCC): This tracks how much construction costs are changing.
National Surveys (Censuses)
IBGE is famous for conducting big national surveys called censuses.
Population Census
The most well-known census is the population census. This survey counts everyone in Brazil and collects detailed information about them. The first modern population census was in 1872. Now, it usually happens every ten years, in years ending in zero.
The population census collects lots of details, like people's age, income, and gender. It also gathers information about homes. Unlike some other countries, the Brazilian census asks people to describe their own skin color or race.
The last population census was in 2010. The 2020 census was delayed to 2022 because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Population Counts
Sometimes, between the big ten-year censuses, IBGE does a simpler "population count." These counts help update the number of people living in each city. This is very important for cities because government funding they receive often depends on their population size. IBGE also estimates populations for every city each year.
The first population count was in 1996. The most recent one was in 2007. A count planned for 2016 was canceled due to budget issues.
Agricultural Census
The agricultural census collects information about farms, forests, and fish farms across Brazil. This survey updates older information and provides details about the economic, social, and environmental aspects of farming. Since 1996, this census has also happened roughly every ten years.
The 1996 agricultural census collected data from August 1995 to July 1996, focusing on Brazil's crop harvests. The next one was in 2007, looking at farming activities for the year 2006. The 2017 agricultural census went back to focusing on crop harvests, collecting data from October 2016 to September 2017. Its results were shared in 2018.
See also
- List of national mapping agencies
- Instituto Nacional de Estatística
