Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics facts for kids
| Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística | |
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| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 29 May 1936 |
| Headquarters | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Employees | 11,850 |
| Annual budget |  R$ 2.45 billion (2022) |
| Agency executive |
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| Parent agency | Ministry of the Economy |
| Footnotes | |
| The Demographic Census 2022 budget is R$ 2.29 billion |
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The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (known as IBGE) is a very important agency in Brazil. Its job is to collect official information about the country. This includes facts about its people, its land, and how things are changing.
IBGE gathers statistics, which are facts and figures, about many things. They also collect geographic information, like maps and details about the environment. One of their biggest tasks is to conduct a national survey, called a census, every ten years. This census asks questions about age, how much money families earn, if people can read, their education, jobs, and even hygiene.
IBGE started in 1936 as the National Institute of Statistics. Its main founder was Mário Augusto Teixeira de Freitas. The name changed to IBGE in 1938. Its main office is in Rio de Janeiro. The current president is Marcio Pochmann. IBGE is connected to the Ministry of the Economy.
Contents
How IBGE Works
IBGE has many offices and teams across Brazil to do its work. They are spread out to cover the whole country.
IBGE Offices Across Brazil
- There are 27 offices in different states. These are usually in the state capitals and one in the Federal District.
- They have 27 centers to share information and documents.
- There are 27 units that check and supervise mapping of the land.
- They also have 585 offices in major cities to collect data.
- The main headquarters is in Rio de Janeiro.
Main Departments in Rio
In Rio de Janeiro, IBGE has several important departments and even a school:
- The Directorate of Research plans and organizes how data is collected and processed.
- The Department of Geosciences handles maps, the national system for measuring the Earth, and studies natural resources and the environment.
- The Center for Documentation and Information Dissemination shares all the information IBGE collects. It also coordinates the other 27 centers around the country.
- The National School of Statistical Sciences is a special school. It trains IBGE employees and offers college degrees in statistics. It also has programs for studying population and social research.
IBGE also looks after the Roncador Ecological Reserve. This is a special natural area located near Brasília.
What IBGE Studies
IBGE collects information on many different parts of Brazil. This helps people understand how the country is doing.
Brazil's Economy
IBGE helps us understand Brazil's economy. They look at things like how much is produced, how much people spend, and how wealth is built. They follow international guidelines to calculate important numbers like the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country.
Quarterly Economic Updates
Every three months, IBGE shares updates on the economy. They show how much the GDP has grown or changed. They also look at how much people are buying, how much the government is spending, and how much is being imported or exported. This information helps people see how the economy is doing right now.
Important Surveys and Data
IBGE keeps many records and conducts various surveys. Here are some examples:
- Municipal Agricultural Production: Data on farming in different cities.
- Municipal Livestock Survey: Information about farm animals.
- Annual Survey of Industry: Details about factories and production.
- Annual Survey of Trade: Information about buying and selling goods.
- Annual Services Survey: Data on services like healthcare or transportation.
- Continuous National Sample Survey of Households: Ongoing information about families.
- Monthly Survey of Employment and Wages: How many people have jobs and what they earn.
- Household Budget Survey: What families spend their money on.
Why Information is Important and Private
When IBGE collects information, it's very important that people provide accurate answers. It's also important to know that all the information collected is kept private. It's only used for statistics and research. It cannot be used as proof in a court case or for any other legal reason.
If someone doesn't give information when asked, or gives false information, there can be a fine. This is because the information is so important for understanding Brazil.
Key Economic Numbers from IBGE
IBGE releases several important numbers that show how much prices are changing.
- National Index of Consumer Prices (INPC): This shows how much the cost of living is changing for lower-income families.
- Broad National Consumer Price Index (IPCA): This is the main measure of inflation, showing how much prices are going up for everyone.
- National Index of Construction (INCC): This tracks how much it costs to build things.
National Surveys (Censuses)
IBGE is famous for its censuses, which are big surveys that count and gather information about different parts of Brazil.
Population Census
The most well-known census is the population census. This survey counts all the people in Brazil and gathers detailed information about them. The first modern population census in Brazil was in 1872. Now, it happens every ten years, usually in years ending in zero.
The census collects data on age, income, gender, and housing. Unlike some other countries, the Brazilian census asks people to describe their own skin color or race. The most recent population census was in 2022. It was supposed to happen in 2020 but was delayed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Population Counts
Sometimes, between the big ten-year censuses, IBGE does simpler "population counts." These counts help update the number of people living in each city. This is important because the amount of money cities receive from the government often depends on their population size. The last population count was in 2007.
Agricultural Census
The agricultural census collects information about farms, forests, and places where fish are raised (aquaculture) across Brazil. This survey helps update information about farming and provides details about the economy, society, and environment related to agriculture. Since 1996, this census has also happened about every ten years.
The 2017 agricultural census gathered information about farming activities from October 2016 to September 2017. The results were shared in 2018.
See also
In Spanish: Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística para niños
- List of national mapping agencies
- Instituto Nacional de Estatística
