Crown Treaty facts for kids

The Crown Treaty (also known as the Krontraktat in German) was an important agreement signed on November 16, 1700. It was a deal between Frederick III, who was the Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia, and Emperor Leopold I of the Holy Roman Empire.

In this treaty, Frederick promised to provide 8,000 soldiers. These soldiers were needed for a big conflict called the War of the Spanish Succession. In return, Emperor Leopold I made a very special promise. He agreed that Frederick could crown himself "King in Prussia". This new royal title would be recognized all across Europe.

The main person who helped negotiate this treaty was Charles Ancillon. The coronation ceremony, where Frederick became king, took place on January 18, 1701, in Königsberg.

What Was the Crown Treaty?

The Crown Treaty was a formal agreement. It allowed Frederick III to become a king. Before this, he was only an Elector and a Duke. Becoming a king gave him more power and respect among other European rulers.

Why Was This Treaty Important?

This treaty was a big step for Prussia. It changed Prussia from a duchy into a kingdom. This made Prussia a more important player in European politics. It also showed how military power could be traded for political recognition.

The Deal: Soldiers for a Crown

Frederick III agreed to send 8,000 soldiers to help Emperor Leopold I. These soldiers were needed for the War of the Spanish Succession. This war was about who would rule Spain after the current king died without an heir. Many European countries were involved.

In exchange for these soldiers, Emperor Leopold I promised to recognize Frederick as "King in Prussia." This was a huge deal for Frederick. It meant his land, Prussia, would become a kingdom.

Becoming a King

The negotiations for the treaty were carefully handled. Charles Ancillon played a key role in making sure the deal happened.

The Coronation Ceremony

Frederick's dream of becoming a king came true on January 18, 1701. He held a grand coronation ceremony in Königsberg. From that day on, he was known as King Frederick I of Prussia.

Prussia's New Army Role

After the treaty, the soldiers Frederick promised were called the "Royal Prussian Contingent." In April 1701, these troops were sent to the Lower Rhine region, near Wesel. They joined the fight in the War of the Spanish Succession. Their first battle was in April 1702, during the Siege of Kaiserswerth.