First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba facts for kids
Quick facts for kids First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba |
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![]() Logo of the Communist Party of Cuba
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Central Committee | |
Style | Comrade (formal) |
Member of | Central Committee, Politburo, Secretariat |
Seat | Palace of the Revolution Havana, Cuba |
Appointer | Central Committee |
Term length | Five years, renewable once |
Constituting instrument | Statute of the Communist Party of Cuba |
Formation | 18 August 1925 |
First holder | José Miguel Pérez |
Deputy | Second Secretary |
The First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba is the most important leader in Cuba. This person holds the highest position within the Communist Party of Cuba. This makes them the most powerful individual in Cuba's government and political system. In countries led by a communist party, the first or general secretary is usually the real leader. This role is often more powerful than being the President (head of state) or Prime Minister (head of government).
The First Secretary leads the work of the Central Committee. This committee is called "the organized leader of the Cuban nation." It is also seen as "the main driving force of society and the State." Cuba's constitution states this in Article 5. The Central Committee is the Party's top decision-making body between big meetings. It has the power to choose and remove the First Secretary. The First Secretary also guides the Secretariat, which is the Party's top executive group. They also lead meetings of the Politburo, the Party's highest political group. The current First Secretary is Miguel Díaz-Canel. He was chosen on April 19, 2021. He is also the President of Cuba at the same time.
The first group that led to today's Communist Party of Cuba was formed on August 18, 1925. They chose José Miguel Pérez as their leader. He was born in Spain. However, the Cuban government at the time, led by Gerardo Machado, took strong actions against the party. Pérez was forced to leave the country just thirteen days later, on August 31. This caused problems for the new party. José Peña Vilaboa then took over Pérez's role. He stayed in charge until his death on March 13, 1927. Because of his health issues, Miguel Valdés García acted as general secretary for most of Peña Vilaboa's time. Valdés García continued in this role until April 1927. Then, Joaquín Valdés Hernández was elected general secretary.
The government's actions and poor organization stopped the party's work for a while. In 1930, the Communist International (Comintern) appointed Jorge Abilio Vivó d’Escoto as the party's general secretary. In August 1933, a big strike happened in Havana. People wanted Machado to be removed from power. Vivó was said to have misjudged the situation. He was forced to step down by the Comintern. This happened at the 2nd Congress, held from April 20 to 22, 1934.
Blas Roca Calderio was elected to replace Vivó. He remained in office until June 24, 1961. On that date, the party joined with the 26th of July Movement and the Revolutionary Directorate of 13 March Movement. They formed a new group called the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (IRO). This new group elected Fidel Castro as its first secretary. The IRO then changed its name to the United Party for the Socialist Revolution of Cuba (PURSC) on March 26, 1962. Three years later, on October 3, 1965, the PURSC held its 1st Congress. This meeting officially created the Communist Party of Cuba. The 1st Central Committee, chosen by the 1st Congress, met for the first time on October 3, 1965. They elected Fidel Castro as First Secretary. He held this position for 49 years. On April 19, 2011, his brother Raúl Castro was elected to take his place. Raúl served for two terms. He was then succeeded by Miguel Díaz-Canel on April 19, 2021.
Leaders of the Communist Party of Cuba
This section lists the people who have held the top leadership role in Cuba's Communist Party and its earlier versions.
No. | Officeholder | Took office | Left office | Tenure | Term | Birth | PM | Death | Ref. | |
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1 | ![]() |
José Miguel Pérez | 18 August 1925 | 31 August 1925 | 13 days | 1st (1925–34) |
1896 | 1925 | 1936 | |
2 | ![]() |
José Peña Vilaboa | September 1925 | 13 March 1927 | 193 days years | 1st (1925–34) |
1891 | 1925 | 1927 | |
3 | ![]() |
Joaquín Valdés | April 1927 | ? | ? years | 1st (1925–34) |
? | 1925 | ? | |
4 | ![]() |
Jorge Vivó | 29 March 1930 | 22 April 1934 | 4 years, 24 days | 1st (1925–34) |
1906 | 1927 | 1979 | |
5 | ![]() |
Blas Roca | 22 April 1934 | 24 June 1961 | 27 years, 2 days | 2nd–? (1934–1961) |
1908 | 1930 | 1987 | |
6 | ![]() |
Fidel Castro | 26 July 1961 | 19 April 2011 | 49 years, 267 days | PROV–5th (1961–2011) |
1926 | 1955 | 2016 | |
7 | ![]() |
Raúl Castro | 19 April 2011 | 19 April 2021 | 10 years | 6th–8th (2011–21) |
1931 | 1953 | Alive | |
8 | ![]() |
Miguel Díaz-Canel | 19 April 2021 | Incumbent | 4 years, 108 days | 8th–present (2021–present) |
1960 | 1985 | Alive |
Related Topics
- List of political parties in Cuba
- Politburo of the Communist Party of Cuba
- Secretariat of the Communist Party of Cuba
- President of Cuba
- Prime Minister of Cuba
- Cuba under Fidel Castro
See also
In Spanish: Primer secretario del Comité Central del Partido Comunista de Cuba para niños