General New River facts for kids

General New River was an important Native American leader of the Catawba people. He got his name after a big battle in 1732 where he defeated a Shawnee chief near the New River in North Carolina. He led the Catawba tribe from 1780 to 1801, taking over after King Prow. He was also the son-in-law of another famous Catawba leader, King Hagler. General New River was likely born around 1725.

He married Sally Scott-Toole. She was the daughter of King Hagler's daughter and a white trader named Matthew Toole.

Serving in the American Revolution

General New River played a key role in the American Revolutionary War, fighting alongside the American Colonies. He was listed on the Muster Roll for Captain Thomas Drennan's group.

The Snow Campaign

In 1775, he served in what was called the "Snow Campaign." Under Colonel Richard Richardson, his forces helped get back gunpowder near Fort 96, South Carolina. This gunpowder was originally meant for the Cherokee.

Battles and Leadership

General New River led a group of 35 Catawba warriors. They fought under Major William Richardson Davie at the Battle of Hanging Rock in South Carolina in 1780. He also took part in the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in North Carolina in 1781.

A Respected Leader

People respected General New River a lot. According to R. A. Springs, he was "more than ordinary." He held his power not only through his own strength but also because of the respect the Catawba people had for his wife.

Protecting Hunting Rights

In 1786, General New River spoke up for his people. He sent a request to the government to protect the Catawba's hunting rights. He asked for "such privileges of hunting in this state, as in your wisdom you shall think fitt." Even though Governor Moultrie was supportive, the situation for the Catawba's hunting rights probably didn't change much.

A Story of Help

There's a famous story about General New River saving the life of James Spratt. James was bitten by a snake, and the General sucked the snake venom out, which saved him. The General also gave the Spratt family land on the Catawba reservation.

How People Described Him

Elkhana Watson, a writer, described General New River very positively. He said the General's "face showed powerful traits of mind and character." This was a high compliment, as Watson often didn't describe other Native Americans as generously.

Reverend Thomas Coke, a Methodist preacher, also described him: "a tall, grave old man, (who) walked with a mighty staff in his hand." He also noted the General's unique jewelry, like a leather piece around his neck with silver bits and a silver gorget (a piece of armor for the throat). Many Catawba people at the time wore silver nose-rings, sometimes with small hearts hanging from them.

Later Life and Legacy

General New River passed away in 1804 at a place called Kings Bottom.

His wartime experiences are even featured in a historical novel called Out of the Mist to Kings Mountain by Shawn C Roberts.

See also

• Spratt Cemetery