Gherkin facts for kids

Gherkin is a word that can mean two very different things! It can be a small type of pickled cucumber that many people enjoy eating. It can also be the nickname for a very famous and unique building in London, England, officially called 30 St Mary Axe. Let's explore both of these interesting "Gherkins."

What is a Gherkin?

A gherkin is actually a small fruit, even though we often treat it like a vegetable! It belongs to the same family as cucumbers, melons, and squash. Gherkins are usually picked when they are quite small, often just a few inches long. They have a slightly bumpy skin and a crisp texture. While you can eat them fresh, gherkins are most famous for being pickled.

The Pickled Gherkin

When gherkins are pickled, they are preserved in a special liquid, usually made of vinegar, water, salt, and spices. This process not only keeps them fresh for a long time but also gives them their unique tangy and sometimes sour flavor. Pickled gherkins are a popular snack or side dish all over the world. They are often found in sandwiches, salads, or served alongside meals like burgers and hot dogs.

How Gherkins are Pickled

The pickling process starts with fresh gherkins. These are washed and then placed into jars. A hot brine (the liquid mixture) is poured over them. The brine typically contains vinegar, which is acidic and helps preserve the gherkins, along with salt, sugar, and various spices like dill, garlic, mustard seeds, and peppercorns. The jars are then sealed. Over time, the gherkins soak up the flavors of the brine, becoming crunchy and delicious pickles. Some pickles are fermented, which means good bacteria help create the sour flavor, similar to how yogurt is made.

Different Kinds of Pickles

There are many different types of pickled gherkins and cucumbers. Some are very sour, like "dill pickles," which are made with dill weed. Others might be sweeter, known as "sweet pickles" or "bread and butter pickles." Some are spicy, with added chili peppers. The way they are cut can also vary, from whole gherkins to spears, slices, or even chips. Each type offers a different taste experience!

Growing Gherkins

Gherkins grow on vines, similar to regular cucumbers. They prefer warm weather and plenty of sunshine. Farmers plant the seeds in the spring, and the vines grow quickly, producing many gherkins. Because gherkins are picked when they are small, they are harvested more frequently than larger cucumbers. This ensures they stay tender and have the perfect size for pickling.

The Gherkin Building

In the heart of London, England, stands a very distinctive skyscraper known as "The Gherkin." Its official name is 30 St Mary Axe, but its unusual shape quickly earned it this famous nickname. It's one of the most recognizable buildings in the city's skyline.

Design and Construction

The Gherkin building was designed by a famous architect named Norman Foster and his team. Construction began in 2001 and was completed in 2004. The building is 180 meters (591 feet) tall and has 41 floors. What makes it so special is its unique curved, bullet-like shape, which is wider in the middle and tapers towards the top and bottom. This design helps the building be more aerodynamic and stable in strong winds.

Why the Name "Gherkin"?

The nickname "The Gherkin" came about because its shape reminded people of a large, pickled gherkin. It's a fun and memorable name that stuck! The building's smooth, green-tinted glass exterior also adds to the resemblance. This iconic shape has made it a popular landmark and a symbol of modern London architecture.

What's Inside?

The Gherkin is primarily an office building, housing many different companies. It's known for its innovative and environmentally friendly design. For example, it uses natural ventilation and sunlight to reduce the need for air conditioning and artificial lighting, making it more energy-efficient. At the very top of the building, there's a special dome with a bar and restaurant, offering amazing panoramic views of London. It's a fantastic place to see the city from above!

Images for kids

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  Pickled cucumber in glass jar

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  10th Annual New York City International Pickle Day festival in 2010.

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  Half sour (left) vs "full sour" kosher dill (right)

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  A breaded pickle

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  Fresh pickling cucumbers for sale in Kraków

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  Cucumbers in salted water with dill (Poland)

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  German pickles called Spreewald gherkins

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  Cover for 1906 U.S. ragtime piece "Dill Pickles"

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  Large gherkins and pickled onions in a fish and chip shop in London