Iskandar Thani facts for kids

Iskandar Thani Alauddin Mughayat Syah (born 1610 – died February 15, 1641) was an important ruler in the history of the Aceh Sultanate. He became the thirteenth sultan of Aceh, following the very powerful Sultan Iskandar Muda.

Iskandar Thani was originally from Pahang, a different sultanate. He was the son of Ahmad Shah II of Pahang, who was the 11th sultan of Pahang. In 1617, Iskandar Muda's forces conquered Pahang and brought Iskandar Thani to Aceh. Later, he married Iskandar Muda's daughter, who would later become Sulṭāna Taj ul-Alam. When Iskandar Muda passed away in 1636, Iskandar Thani became the new sultan.

What Challenges Did Iskandar Thani Face?

Iskandar Thani became sultan after Aceh's navy had suffered a big defeat in 1629. Because of this, he wasn't able to continue the military victories that his predecessor, Iskandar Muda, had achieved. His rule was more focused on governing the sultanate from within.

How Did He Rule Aceh?

Even though he didn't lead military campaigns, Iskandar Thani was a strong leader. He worked to keep the power of the royal family strong, just like Iskandar Muda had done. He was able to manage the orang kaya, which means the powerful noble families in Aceh. This helped him keep control and centralize the government.

Unfortunately, Iskandar Thani's rule was quite short. He reigned for only about five years. After he died, the powerful noble families regained much of their influence. They then placed his widow, Taj ul-Alam, on the throne. She was the first of several sultans who had less power compared to the earlier rulers.

What Was Iskandar Thani's Court Like?

Just like during Iskandar Muda's time, Iskandar Thani's royal court was known as a major center for Islamic learning. Many scholars and thinkers gathered there.

Who Was Nuruddin ar-Raniri?

Iskandar Thani supported a famous Islamic scholar named Nuruddin ar-Raniri. Ar-Raniri came from Gujarat (a region in modern-day India) and arrived in Aceh in 1637. He played a big role in shaping Islamic thought in Aceh during this period. Ar-Raniri had different ideas from some earlier scholars at Iskandar Muda's court. He helped to set new standards for religious and literary works in the sultanate.