Jacobins facts for kids
The Jacobin Club was a very big and powerful political group during the French Revolution. It started in 1789 as a small group called the Club Benthorn. This group was made up of politicians from Brittany who met at Versailles during an important meeting called the Estates General.
At its strongest, the Jacobin Club had thousands of local groups all over France. It's thought that about 420,000 people were members. The club was closed down after a leader named Robespierre lost power.
At first, the club was quite moderate. But after a key leader named Mirabeau died, the club became known for its role in a very strict and violent period called the Reign of Terror. Even today, the words Jacobin and Jacobinism are used to describe strong, revolutionary political ideas. They can also mean wanting a very strong central government.
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How the Jacobin Club Started
The Jacobin Club began in 1789. It was formed by a group of politicians from the region of Brittany. They were meeting at the Palace of Versailles. This was during the time of the Estates General. This meeting was a big step towards the French Revolution.
The club was first called the Club Benthorn. Later, it moved to Paris. There, it met in a former Dominican monastery. This monastery was on Rue Saint-Honoré. The monks were often called "Jacobins" in Paris. So, the club became known as the Jacobin Club.
The Club's Growing Power
The Jacobin Club quickly grew in size and influence. It became the largest political club in France. Many people joined its local groups. These groups were called "chapters." They were spread all over the country.
The club played a big role in the French Revolution. Its members discussed important political ideas. They helped shape the new laws and government. They wanted big changes in France. They believed in a republic, where the people would have power.
The Reign of Terror
The Jacobin Club became very powerful. Especially after 1792, its views became more extreme. One of its most famous leaders was Maximilien Robespierre. Under his influence, the club became known for its part in the Reign of Terror.
The Reign of Terror was a period of great violence. It lasted from 1793 to 1794. During this time, many people were arrested and executed. They were seen as enemies of the revolution. The Jacobins believed these actions were needed to protect the new republic.
The End of the Club
The Reign of Terror ended in July 1794. This happened when Robespierre himself was arrested and executed. After his fall, the Jacobin Club quickly lost its power. People were tired of the violence and extreme measures.
The club was officially closed down in November 1794. This marked the end of its influence. Even though it was gone, its ideas continued to affect politics. The term "Jacobin" is still used today. It describes strong, centralist political views.
Images for kids
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The Jacobin Club was in the Rue Saint-Honoré, Paris.
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Engraving "Closing of the Jacobin Club, during the night of 27–28 July 1794, or 9–10 Thermidor, year 2 of the Republic"
