Juan José Nieto Gil facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Juan José Nieto Gil
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| 2nd President of the Granadine Confederation | |
| In office 25 January 1861 – 18 July 1861 |
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| Preceded by | Mariano Ospina Rodríguez |
| Succeeded by | Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda |
| 2nd President of Bolívar | |
| In office 26 July 1859 – 11 December 1864 |
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| Deputy | Juan Antonio de La Espriella |
| Preceded by | Juan Antonio Calvo |
| Succeeded by | Benjamín Noguera |
| Governor of Cartagena de Indias | |
| In office 22 July 1851 – 25 June 1854 |
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| Preceded by | José Antonio López de Tagle y Ortiz Muñoz |
| Succeeded by | Manuel Marcelino Núñez |
| In office 29 August 1849 – 16 December 1849 |
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| Preceded by | José María Obando del Campo |
| Succeeded by | José María Obando del Campo |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 24 June 1804 Baranoa, Santa Marta, Viceroyalty of the New Granada |
| Died | 16 July 1866 (aged 62) Cartagena de Indias, Bolívar, United States of Colombia |
| Nationality | Neogranadine |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouses | María Margarita del Carmen Palacio García del Fierro (1827–1830) Josefa Teresa Plácida de los Dolores Cavero y Leguina (1834–1866) |
Juan José Nieto Gil (born June 24, 1804 – died July 16, 1866) was an important Colombian politician, Army general, and writer. He was a leader of the Liberal Party in Cartagena de Indias. He served as Governor of the Province of Cartagena for a time. Later, he was elected President of the Sovereign State of Bolívar from 1859 to 1864.
In 1861, during the Colombian Civil War, Nieto joined the Liberal rebels. They were fighting against the government of President Mariano Ospina Rodríguez. Nieto declared himself the President of the Granadine Confederation. He held this power for four months. Then, he handed it over to General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda. Mosquera was another Liberal leader who successfully took control of the government.
Juan José Nieto Gil was of mixed-race background. He was the first mixed-race Colombian to achieve such high political positions. He became the first mixed-race person to lead a major administrative region in Colombia.
Leading the Country in 1861
In 1860, there was a lot of tension in Colombia. The Conservative Party was in power. The Liberal Party wanted more rights for the different states. On May 8, 1860, General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera y Arboleda, who was president of the Cauca region, broke away from the central government. He started a civil war against President Mariano Ospina Rodríguez.
Juan José Nieto Gil supported Mosquera. On July 3, he also broke ties with the central government. Mosquera asked Nieto for help to remove Ospina from power. They sent representatives to sign an agreement with Bolívar, where Nieto was president. On September 10, Nieto signed the Treaty of Union and Confederation of the States of Bolívar and Cauca. This treaty created a temporary government. It also set up a plan for a new country called the United States of New Granada. The treaty named Mosquera, Nieto, and Obando as the First, Second, and Third Presidential Designates. A Presidential Designate is like a vice president who can take over if the president can't serve.
Early Life and Family
Juan José Nieto Gil was born on June 24, 1804. His birthplace was a small settlement called Cibarco. This area was between the towns of Baranoa and Tubará. It was part of the Province of Santa Marta in what was then the Viceroyalty of the New Granada.
His family was not wealthy. His parents were Tomás Nicolás Nieto, a mason, and Benedicta Gil, a candlemaker. They lived in Baranoa and moved to Cartagena de Indias in 1811. This move happened after Cartagena declared its independence. This was part of the bigger fight for independence in South America. These wars started in 1810 and led to the creation of the Republic of Colombia.
On September 13, 1827, Juan José Nieto married María Margarita del Carmen Palacio García del Fierro. She was the daughter of José de Palacio y Ponce de León, a businessman from the Canary Islands. Nieto worked for him as a scrivener, which is someone who copies documents. María Margarita's mother was María Francisca García del Fierro y Velacorte, from a respected family in Cartagena. She was also related to Rafael Núñez Moledo. Juan José and María Margarita had one son, Ricardo, who sadly died when he was a child. Soon after, Nieto's wife also passed away.
On April 21, 1834, he married again. His second wife was Josefa Teresa Plácida de los Dolores Cavero y Leguina. She also came from an important family. Her father, José Ignacio de Cavero y Cárdenas, was a supporter of Colombian Independence.
See also
In Spanish: Juan José Nieto Gil para niños
- Luis Antonio Robles
- Paula Marcela Moreno Zapata
