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Chandrayaan-2 composite
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Mission type | Lunar orbiter, lander, rover |
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Operator | Indian Space Research Organisation |
Mission duration | Orbiter: 1 year Vikram lander: <15 days Pragyan rover: <15 days |
Spacecraft properties | |
Manufacturer | Indian Space Research Organisation |
Launch mass | Combined: 3,877 kg (8,547 lb) |
Payload mass | Orbiter: 2,379 kg (5,245 lb) Vikram lander:1,471 kg (3,243 lb) Pragyan rover: 27 kg (60 lb) |
Power | Orbiter: 1 kW
Vikram lander: 650 W Pragyan rover: 50 W |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | Planned: 14 July 2019, 21:21 UTC (15 July 2019, 02:51 IST) |
Rocket | GSLV Mk III |
Launch site | Satish Dhawan Space Centre |
Contractor | ISRO |
Moon orbiter | |
Orbital insertion | September 6, 2019 (planned) |
Orbit parameters | |
Periapsis | 100 km (62 mi) |
Apoapsis | 100 km (62 mi) |
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Chandrayaan-2 (Sanskrit: चन्द्रयान-२; lit: Moon-craft ) is India's second moon mission after Chandrayaan-1. Made by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the mission is planned to be launched to the Moon by a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III (GSLV Mk III).
Launch of Chandrayaan-2 is scheduled for 14 July 2019 at 21:21 UTC. A proper landing would make India the 4th country to achieve a soft landing on the Moon, after the space agencies of the USA, USSR, and China. The mission landing is expected on 6 September 2019.
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History
On 12 November 2007, the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) and ISRO agreed to work together on the Chandrayaan-2 project. ISRO would be in charge of the orbiter and rover, while Roscosmos was to build the lander. The design of the spacecraft was completed in August 2009, with scientists of both countries conducting a joint review.
Although ISRO finalised the payload for Chandrayaan-2 on schedule, the mission was moved to 2016 because Russia was unable to build the lander on time. When Russia decided it would not be able to build a lander by 2015, India decided to develop the lunar mission on its own.
The spacecraft's launch had been scheduled for March 2018, but was delayed. Two of the lander's legs got minor damage during one of the tests in February 2019, making the launch date even later.
Goals
The main goals of Chandrayaan-2 are to:
- soft-land on the lunar surface and operate a robotic rover on the surface
- study lunar topography, mineralogy, elemental abundance, the lunar exosphere, the thickness of the lunar regolith, and look for proof of hydroxyl and water ice.
- make a map the surface of the moon in 3D
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