Malichus II facts for kids

Malichus II (Nabataean Aramaic: 𐢓𐢑𐢏𐢈‎ Malīḵū or 𐢓𐢑𐢏𐢀‎ Malīḵūʾ‍) was a king of the Nabataean Kingdom. He ruled from 40 AD to 70 AD.

Silver drachm of Malichus II with his wife Shaqilat

Malichus II: A Nabataean King

Malichus II was an important ruler of the Nabataean people. The Nabataeans were an ancient Arab people who built a powerful kingdom. Their kingdom was known for its trade routes and impressive rock-cut cities, like Petra.

Challenges During His Reign

During Malichus II's time, the Nabataean Kingdom faced some challenges. Some historians believe that the kingdom's power might have become weaker. This was especially true regarding control over important cities like Damascus.

The powerful Roman Empire also changed trade routes. They moved the paths for valuable spice and perfume shipments to Egypt. This change affected the Nabataean Kingdom, which relied heavily on trade.

Working with the Roman Empire

Because the Roman Empire was so strong, King Malichus II chose to cooperate with them. This cooperation helped keep his kingdom stable.

In 66 AD, a major revolt broke out in Iudaea. This area was a Roman province. Malichus II showed his support for Rome by sending military help. He sent 5,000 cavalry (soldiers on horseback) and 1,000 infantry (soldiers on foot). These forces helped the Roman general Titus put down the rebellion.

End of His Rule

King Malichus II died in 70 AD. After his death, his son, Rabbel II Soter, became the new king. Rabbel II was very young when he took the throne. Because of this, his mother, Šagīlat II, ruled as a regent for a time. A regent is someone who governs a kingdom when the king is too young or unable to rule.