Nexhmije Hoxha facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Nexhmije Hoxha
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| First Lady of Socialist Albania | |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Nexhmije Xhuglini
8 February 1921 Bitola, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes |
| Died | 26 February 2020 (aged 99) Tirana, Albania |
| Nationality | Albanian |
| Political party |
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| Spouses | |
| Children | 3, including Ilir |
| Alma mater | Queen Mother Pedagogical Institute University of Tirana |
| Signature | .svg) |
Nexhmije Hoxha (born Nexhmije Xhuglini; 8 February 1921 – 26 February 2020) was an Albanian politician. She was married to Enver Hoxha, who was the first leader of Socialist People's Republic of Albania. Nexhmije Hoxha was a very important political figure in Albania for many years. She tried to stay involved in politics even after her husband passed away in 1985. She was one of the few wives of a country's leader who also had a strong political role herself.
Contents
Her Early Life and Education
Nexhmije Hoxha was born Nexhmije Xhuglini in Bitola, which is now part of North Macedonia. Later, she moved with her family to Tirana, the capital city of Albania. There, she studied at the Queen Mother Pedagogical Institute to become a schoolteacher.
In November 1941, she joined the new Albanian Communist Party. A year later, she was chosen to be part of the General Council of the Albanian National Liberation Movement.
During World War II, she fought against the forces of Fascist Italy and German troops. She was part of the First Division of the National Liberation Army, a group that resisted the occupation. This group was mostly made up of communists and received help from British forces. In 1943, she was elected to a leadership role in the Albanian Women's League. She later became its chairwoman from 1946 to 1952.
Meeting Enver Hoxha
Nexhmije Xhuglini met Enver Hoxha at a meeting of the Albanian Party of Labour. They got married in 1945. After the war ended, Enver Hoxha became a very important leader when a communist government was formed in Albania.
Her Role in Politics
In 1966, as Albania became more isolated from other countries, Nexhmije Hoxha became the director of the Institute of Marxist–Leninist Studies. This institute was in charge of making sure everyone followed the official ideas and spreading information that supported the government.
After her husband died in 1985, Nexhmije was chosen to lead the Democratic Front. This was a large organization that supported the government. She worked to protect her husband's legacy during a time of big changes in Albania (1990–1991). She had to step down from her role in December 1990.
In the early days after the Fall of communism in Albania, she strongly criticized the new leader, Ramiz Alia. However, she later changed her mind. She said that Alia and the entire Party of Labour of Albania had tried to save what they could of socialism. She stated that he should not be called a "national traitor" and that her first accusation came from personal anger.
Later Years and Passing
Nexhmije Hoxha faced some difficulties in her later life. She was removed from the Party of Labour of Albania in June 1991. She was also criticized in the party newspaper, Zeri i Popullit, for her lifestyle. She was arrested in December 1991 and later faced legal issues. She was released in January 1997.
Nexhmije Hoxha passed away on 26 February 2020 at her home in Tirana. She was 99 years old. At the time of her death, she was the oldest living member of Albania's former communist leadership.
Her Personal Life
For many years, Nexhmije Hoxha lived with her husband in a special area of Tirana called the Bllok. This area was reserved for the country's top leaders. However, Nexhmije always said that she did not live a fancy life. She often mentioned that her wedding ceremony in 1945 was very simple. It did not include a dress, a big party, or a honeymoon.
Images for kids
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Nexhmije Hoxha's signature
