Prime Minister of Egypt facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Prime Minister of Egypt |
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| Style | The Honourable |
| Term length | No term limit |
| Inaugural holder | Nubar Pasha |
| Formation | 28 August 1878 |
The Prime Minister of Egypt (Arabic: رئيس مجلس الوزراء, romanized: raʾīs majlis al-wuzarāʾ) is the head of the Egyptian government. This important role means they are in charge of running the country's daily activities. The Arabic title for this position directly translates to "President of the Council of Ministers."
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History of Egypt's Prime Ministers
Egypt has a long history of having a leader similar to a prime minister. In ancient Egypt, during the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms, the Pharaoh often chose a second-in-command. This person was called a Vizier. A vizier had a lot of power, much like a prime minister today, working closely with the head of state.
This system of having a vizier or prime minister was paused when Egypt was ruled by the Roman and Sassanid empires. During those times, governors appointed by the empires directly ruled Egypt.
Modern Egypt began to form with the Muhammad Ali dynasty. This is when the idea of a prime minister and a group of ministers (called a cabinet) started to appear. These roles developed alongside Egypt's first modern constitutions and parliaments. The official office of the Prime Minister of Egypt was created in 1878. This happened during the rule of Khedive Ismail.
Nubar Pasha was a Christian Egyptian-Armenian politician. He became Egypt's very first Prime Minister in August 1878. He served in this role three different times. Even after Egypt stopped being a monarchy in 1953, the position of prime minister continued to be an important part of the government.
In the late 1970s, Egypt had some governments where the president and prime minister were from different political groups. This is called "cohabitation." These governments often faced challenges and were not very stable. From 1981 to 2011, the National Democratic Party held most of the seats in the People's Assembly. This party also provided the Egyptian president. However, after the Egyptian uprising in 2011, the National Democratic Party was dissolved.
What the Prime Minister Does
The Prime Minister's role has changed over time. Before the 2012 and 2014 Constitutions, the Prime Minister mainly supervised the Cabinet. The President was both the head of state and the head of the government.
Now, under the 2012 and current 2014 Constitutions, the Prime Minister leads the Cabinet. They are in charge of the entire government of the country. They supervise and guide all its activities. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet members can suggest new laws to the Parliament, which is called the House of Representatives. They can also propose changes to laws during parliamentary meetings.
The Prime Minister also has the power to create rules that help enforce laws. They ensure that public services run smoothly and that disciplinary actions are taken when needed. These rules must be approved by the government. Before, the President held these powers under the older 1971 Constitution.
The Prime Minister and the Cabinet also work with the President. Together, they help create the country's main policies. They also make sure these policies are put into action.
Current Prime Minister of Egypt
From March to June 2014, Ibrahim Mahlab served as the Acting Prime Minister. When he was appointed, he stated that improving security and stability across the country was key. He believed this would help bring in more investments.
A new group of ministers (cabinet) was formed in September 2015. Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi accepted the government's resignation at that time. He then asked Sherif Ismail, who was the Petroleum Minister, to form a new cabinet.
In June 2018, Sherif Ismail resigned from his position. Soon after, President Sisi appointed Housing Minister Mostafa Madbouly as the acting prime minister. Mostafa Madbouly has been the Prime Minister of Egypt since June 7, 2018.
See also
In Spanish: Primer ministro de Egipto para niños
- Cabinet of Egypt
- Politics of Egypt
- President of Egypt
- List of political parties in Egypt
- List of prime ministers of Egypt
