Raffaello Carboni facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Raffaello Carboni
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| Born | 15 December 1817 Urbino, Italy
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| Died | 24 October 1875 (aged 57) Rome, Italy
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Raffaello Carboni (born December 15, 1817 – died October 24, 1875) was an Italian writer, musician, and translator. He is best known for writing a book about the Eureka Stockade, a famous event he saw happen in Australia. After many travels, he went back to Italy and passed away in Rome.
Contents
Raffaello Carboni's Life Story
Early Life and Italian Adventures
Raffaello Carboni was born in Urbino, Italy, in 1817. He strongly believed in Italian nationalism. This was a movement to unite Italy and free it from foreign control, especially from Austria. Raffaello joined famous leaders like Mazzini and Garibaldi to fight for Italy's freedom.
After a big political change in Rome around 1849, he had to leave Italy. He first went to London, England. From there, he traveled all the way to Melbourne, Australia.
Life in Australia and the Eureka Story
In 1853, Raffaello arrived at the goldfields near Ballarat, Australia. He quickly became involved with the gold miners. He joined their main committee, which helped make decisions for the miners.
By the end of 1854, Raffaello had been on the goldfields for almost two years. He saw the growing tension between the miners and the government. On November 30, 1854, he encouraged all miners to unite. He asked them to support the "Southern Cross" flag as a symbol of hope for people seeking freedom.
On December 3, 1854, the government attacked the miners' camp, known as the Eureka Stockade. Raffaello watched the event unfold. Even though he was just a spectator, he was arrested afterward. He was accused of treason, which means betraying one's country.
While in jail, he became unwell. However, he was later found not guilty in March 1855. A few months later, in July 1855, the miners elected him to a local court in Ballarat. His job was to help settle arguments about mining claims.
One year after the Eureka Stockade, Raffaello published his book, The Eureka Stockade. This book is very important because it's the only full story of the event told by someone who was there. It explains what caused the attack and what happened.
Travels and Later Years
Raffaello Carboni became a British citizen while in Australia. But he decided to leave Australia on January 18, 1856. He used some of the gold he found at Ballarat to pay for his travels.
For three years, he traveled to many places, including Jerusalem and Bethlehem. He then returned to Italy. He worked as a translator for the French army in Milan. Later, he moved to Genoa. There, he helped organize troops and supplies for a famous military campaign called the 'Expedition of the Thousand' to Sicily.
Raffaello's ability to speak many languages was very useful. He worked in the government as a translator. He even handled secret letters between Italian leaders and British officials.
After his work with the army ended, he traveled around Europe for a while. He then settled in Naples, Italy, because of his health. He continued to write and publish his works. He wrote plays and music, though his works were not performed publicly during his lifetime.
Raffaello Carboni passed away in Rome at the age of 58.
