Regenerative cacao facts for kids
Regenerative cacao is defined as cacao (also known as "cocoa") that is produced on a farm that employs regenerative agroforestry methods. It is most closely associated with the Ecuadorian chocolate company To’ak, the organic food supplier Navitas, the rainforest conservation organization TMA (Third Millennium Alliance), and the social-agricultural enterprise Terra Genesis. Cacao is the raw material that is used to produce chocolate.
Regenerative cacao is characterized by biodiverse agroforestry plantations in which cacao trees are grown in the shade of other trees, mimicking a natural forest ecosystem. This form of cultivation is used as a method to restore the forest canopy on abandoned cattle pasture and other areas of deforested agricultural land. It is generally regarded as a “win-win” strategy of sustainable land management, in which farmers can generate food and revenue while regenerating the forest.
The regenerative cacao movement is a reaction against monoculture cacao plantations, which is often a cause of deforestation in the tropics.
Agroforestry
The eco-friendliness of cacao farming entirely depends on where and how the cacao trees are planted. When planted in a monoculture, cacao farming can be ecologically destructive. When planted in an agroforestry setting, it can be regenerative. This principle is the basis for regenerative cacao.[1]
Agroforestry has long been touted as an ecologically sustainable method of agricultural production. It is best described as an agricultural method that grows crops in the form of a forest. For example, incorporating fruit trees, timber trees, and nitrogen-fixing trees that improve soil fertility—all in the same parcel of land.
Regenerative agroforestry uses this principle as a mechanism for forest restoration. One of the benefits of this approach is a net removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. Other benefits include enhanced yields from staple food crops, enhanced farmer livelihoods from income generation, increased biodiversity, improved soil structure and health, and reduced erosion. In general terms, regenerative agroforestry is a form of regenerative agriculture that employs mostly trees rather than annual crops.
Cacao trees, which are native to the rainforests of Ecuador, are naturally adapted to survive and thrive in the understory of the tropical forest. This, combined with the ever-increasing global demand for chocolate, makes cacao trees an ideal component of agroforestry plantations in the tropics.
Climate change mitigation
Regenerative cacao is also reported to have climate change mitigation benefits. Cacao-based agroforestry was measured to sequester 4.7 to 9.3 tons of CO2 per hectare per year in Central America and up to 17.9 tons of CO2 per hectare per year in Ecuador.
Regenerative cacao in practice
The luxury Ecuadorian chocolate company To’ak and the rainforest conservation organization TMA (Third Millennium Alliance) jointly manage a regenerative cacao project in coastal Ecuador, specifically with the agricultural communities that surround the Jama-Coaque Ecological Reserve. The program was designed as a strategy to reverse the trend of deforestation of the Pacific Equatorial Forest (also known as the Pacific Forest of Ecuador).
TMA provides local farmers with start-up capital, seedlings, irrigation equipment, and financial incentives to convert deforested land into regenerative forests. The program is financed by carbon offset revenue, which provides bridge income to the farmers for the first five years, before the cacao trees reach productive age. Once the cacao trees start to produce cacao pods, To’ak offers to purchase the cacao at premium prices—at least 3x higher than local market prices.
Jerry Toth, one of TMA's co-founders, says, “As many cacao farmers will readily admit, planting cacao trees is the easy part. The hard part is finding a buyer willing to pay fair prices. This is where To’ak’s role becomes indispensable.” To’ak, which is known for selling the most expensive chocolate in the world, pays cacao growers the highest prices in the world—200% to 800% above Fair Trade prices, depending on the Cru.
Ancient Nacional cacao is believed to be cultivated in only three appellations in the world: in the Jama-Coaque mountains and the valley of Piedra de Plata in Ecuador, and in Marañón Canyon in Peru.
Navitas, a California-based company that sells organic cacao powder, sources regenerative cacao from the Liloma Cocoa Cooperative in Sierra Leone, which is Regenerative Organic Certified. “Regenerative farming is a holistic way of growing food that closely mimics nature's design, and goes beyond simply sustaining our natural resources, to replenishing or regenerating them,” says Zach Adelman, co-founder and CEO of Navitas Organics.
Terra Genesis's regenerative cacao project is also based in coastal Ecuador and extends into coastal Colombia.
