Sarju Facts for Kids

"Sarayu" redirects here. For other uses, see Sarayu (disambiguation).

Quick facts for kids Sarju
Sarju River
Other name(s)	Kumaoni: सरज्यू, Hindi: सरयू
Country	India
State	Uttarakhand
region	Kumaon
Physical characteristics
Main source	Sarmul, 15 km south of Nanda Kot 3,000 m (9,800 ft) 30°7′58″N 80°1′56″E / 30.13278°N 80.03222°E / 30.13278; 80.03222
River mouth	Sharda River, Uttarakhand, India 429 m (1,407 ft) 29°26′38″N 80°14′33″E / 29.44389°N 80.24250°E / 29.44389; 80.24250
Length	130 km (81 mi)
Basin features
Tributaries	Left: Ramganga, Punger Right: Gomati, Panar, Lahor

The Sarju (Kumaoni: सरज्यू, Hindi: सरयू), also known as Sarayu, is a major river draining Central Kumaon region in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. Originating from Sarmul, Sarju flows through the cities of Kapkot, Bageshwar and Seraghat before joining Mahakali at Pancheshwar. The Sarju is the largest tributary of the Sharda River. The river forms the South-eastern border between the districts of Pithoragarh and Almora. Temperate and sub-Tropical forests cover the entire Catchment area of the River.

Etymology
Course
Geology
Tributaries
- Gomati
- Kuloor
- Punger
- Lahor
- Panar
- Ramganga
In epics
In fiction
Gallery
See also

Etymology

The name is the feminine derivative of the Sanskrit root सर् sar "to flow"; as a masculine stem, saráyu- means "air, wind", that is, "that which is streaming".

Course

The Sarju rises at a place known as Sarmul (or Sarmool), which is located in the extreme north of the Bageshwar district of Uttarakhand. The source of the river is situated at 30°7′58″N 80°1′56″E / 30.13278°N 80.03222°E / 30.13278; 80.03222 on the southern slope of a ridge of the Nanda Kot and is separated on the east from the source of Ramganga and on the west from the sources of Kuphini (the eastern branch of Pindar river) by spurs leading down from the mass culminating at the Nanda Kot peak. It flows initially around 50 km (31 mi) in southwest direction by the Kumaon Himalayas where it receives Kanalgadh stream from the right and Punger river from the left. About 2 km (1.2 mi) further downstream, the river receives Lahor river from the right. Then the river turns towards south and flows through the city of Bageshwar, where it receives Gomati from the right.

The Sarju flows to the lower 65 km in mainly southeastern direction. Much of the drainage of Gangoli region of Pithoragarh district flows into the river via Bhadrapatigad stream, which flows into it from the left. Similarly, several streams join it from right draining much of the Chaugarkha region situated in Almora district; notable ones being Gatgadh, Jalairgadh, Bhaurgadh, Alaknadi and Saniaungadh. About 55 km (34 mi) downstream from its confluence with Gomati in Bageshwar, it receives the Panar river from the right. A small river Jaingan gets merge into Sarju river at Seraghat in Almora-Pithoragarh border. About five Km further downstream, at 20 km (12 mi) above its mouth, Ramganga meets the left side on the Sarju at Rameshwar, situated at an elevation of 1,500 ft (460 m). Finally Sarju reaches at Pancheshwar at the Nepalese border to Sharda River after travelling a total of 130 km (81 mi).

Geology

Sarju transfers a sedimental load of 498.4 kg/sec during the peak of raining season.

Water Quality Characteristics of Sarju during water years 1987 and 1988
Parameter	pH	Alkalinity	Hardness	Conductivity	Calcium	Magnesium	Sodium	Potassium	Chloride	Sulphate
Value	7.9	111.2	101.32	137.11	18.89	11.11	3.50	1.80	8.10	2.41

Tributaries

confluence of Gomati and Sarju at Bageshwar.

Gomati

Gomati river originates in the higher reaches of Bhatkot and merges into Sarju at Bageshwar. It flows through the Katyur Valley which constitutes a major Agricultural zone of Kumaon.

Kuloor

The Kuloor river rises above the Bhadrkali Temple near Sani-Udiyar, and flows through Rawatsera, Bans Patan and Ganai Gangoli, before joining the Sarju at Seraghat.

Punger

Punger river rises near village Sangar and joins Sarju from the left at Sartana.

Lahor

Lahor is a small river that joins Sarju from the right.

Panar

Panar originates on the northern slopes of the Mornaula Range, south-east of Almora. Panar joins Sarju near Rameshwar.

Ramganga

Ramganga East is the largest tributary of Sarju. It originates from the Namik Glacier in Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand and flows towards Southeast. The river is fed by numerous small and big rivers and finally joins river Sarju at Rameshwar.

In epics

The river is mentioned various times in the ancient Indian epic of Ramayana. Sarayu refers to Lower Ghaghara, which flows through the city of Ayodhya, the birth place of the Hindu deity Rama, who, along with the residents of Ayodhya, went to Vaikunth lok from this river and became deities in the heaven afterwards. According to the legend, Urmila, wife of Lakshmana, took samadhi by drowning herself on the banks of the river Sarju, and it is believed that her soul attained salvation at Lord Rama's feet.