Smalltooth dragonfish facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Smalltooth dragonfish |
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The smalltooth dragonfish, also known as Pachystomias microdon, is a fascinating deep-sea fish. It lives in the ocean's dark depths, from about 660 to 4,000 meters (2,165 to 13,123 feet) below the surface. This unique fish can grow up to 22.1 centimeters (about 8.7 inches) long. It's the only species in its group, making it extra special!
Amazing Red Light
Pachystomias microdon is one of only three deep-sea fish that can make its own red light. This special ability is called bioluminescence. The other two fish are Aristostomias and Malacosteus.
How it Makes Red Light
Most fish in the deep sea make blue light. But Pachystomias is different! It has special light-making organs called photophores on its head. It has two types:
- Suborbital photophore: This is a very large organ located under its eye. It can make bright flashes and steady glows of red light. This red light has wavelengths over 650 nanometers.
- Preorbital photophore: This is a much smaller organ, also on its head. It also helps produce the red light.
How it Sees Red Light
Most deep-sea fish can only see blue and green light. But Pachystomias has special eyes! It can see the long-wave red light that it produces. This is very rare in the deep ocean. Pachystomias has at least three special pigments in its eyes. These pigments help it see wavelengths up to 595 nanometers.
Why Red Light is Useful
Being able to make and see red light is a huge advantage for Pachystomias. Here's why:
- Hunting Prey: Most other deep-sea creatures cannot see red light. This means Pachystomias can use its red light like a secret flashlight. It can sneak up on its prey without being seen.
- Talking to Each Other: This special red light might also help these fish communicate with others of their own kind. It's like a secret code that only they can understand!
