Treaty of Anagni facts for kids

The Treaty of Anagni was an important agreement signed on June 20, 1295. It took place in a town called Anagni in central Italy. This treaty was made between several powerful leaders of that time.

These leaders included Pope Boniface VIII, James II of Aragon (who was a king), Philip IV of France (another king), Charles II of Naples (also a king), and James II of Majorca (a king too). The main goal of the treaty was to confirm an earlier agreement from 1291 called the Treaty of Tarascon. That earlier treaty had ended a conflict known as the Aragonese Crusade.

The Treaty of Anagni also aimed to solve a big problem: the control of Sicily. Peter III of Aragón had taken over Sicily in 1285. This treaty tried to find a peaceful way to deal with that situation.

However, not everyone agreed with the treaty. Frederick II of Sicily, who was James of Aragon's brother, and the people of Sicily did not accept it. Instead, they continued fighting against the forces of Charles of Naples. Charles received help from James of Aragon's ships, as the treaty said he would. This conflict finally ended in 1302 with the Peace of Caltabellotta.

Key Agreements of the Treaty

The Treaty of Anagni included several important points that changed how different kingdoms and leaders interacted. These points were agreed upon by all the leaders involved.

Marriage and Royal Ties

• One key part was the marriage of King James of Aragon to Blanche. Blanche was the daughter of King Charles of Naples. This marriage was meant to create stronger ties between their families.

Control of Sicily

• The treaty stated that Sicily should be returned to the papacy (the Pope's authority). The Pope then gave Sicily to King Charles of Naples. This was a major decision about who would rule the island.
• King James of Aragon also agreed to help King Charles with his army. This military help was for Charles to take back Sicily.

Ending Conflicts and Forgiveness

• The treaty lifted the excommunication of King James of Aragon. Excommunication meant he was banned from the church. Lifting it was a big deal for him.
• Charles of Valois, a French prince, gave up his claim to the crown of Aragon. This helped to reduce tension and conflict over who should be king.

Returning Lands and Prisoners

• The Balearic Islands were returned to King James of Majorca. These islands had been taken from him earlier.
• The Pope was asked to make decisions about the Aran Valley. This showed the Pope's power in settling land disputes.
• King James of Aragon also returned lands he had conquered in Italy to King Charles.
• Finally, the treaty arranged for the exchange of prisoners and hostages. This included the release of Louis, Robert, and Raymond Berengar. They were the sons of King Charles and had been held by King James of Aragon since June 7.

Secret Agreements of the Treaty

Besides the main points, two secret agreements were added to the treaty later. These were not made public at first.

New Lands for Aragon

• One secret clause gave Corsica and Sardinia to King James of Aragon. These islands were important for trade and power in the Mediterranean Sea.

Military Help for France

• The other secret agreement was that Aragon would provide military help to France. This help was against Edward I of England. This showed how alliances were formed between kingdoms to gain an advantage over their rivals.

See also

In Spanish: Tratado de Anagni para niños