Verne Citadel facts for kids
Quick facts for kids Verne Citadel |
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Main entrance to The Verne
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| Site information | |
| Open to the public |
No |
| Condition | Complete |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1857-1881 |
| In use | Prison |
| Materials | Earth Masonry |
The Verne Citadel is a strong old fort built in the 1800s. It is located on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, England. This citadel sits on the highest point of Portland, called Verne Hill. From here, it has an amazing view over Portland Harbour. It was first built to protect the harbour. Later, in 1949, it became a place to hold people, known as HM Prison The Verne.
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What is Verne Citadel?
The Verne Citadel is a large, historic fort. It was built a long time ago, between 1857 and 1881. Its main job was to defend Portland Harbour from attacks. The fort was built on a high hill, making it naturally hard to reach from the north and east. To protect the other sides, a big ditch was dug. Other smaller forts nearby, like East Weare Battery, were also part of its defense system.
How the Fort Was Used
The citadel was designed with open areas for cannons. These cannons were placed on the north, east, and west sides. Over time, the need for such a strong defense changed. By 1903, the citadel became a place for soldiers to live and train.
During World War I and World War II, the Verne was very important. It became the main office for the Coast Artillery. This group was in charge of defending the coast with big guns. During World War II, a special radar system was put inside the citadel. The main storage area for weapons was even turned into a hospital. After the wars, the Royal Engineers, a military group, used the fort for a short time.
From Fort to Prison
In 1949, the Verne Citadel changed its purpose completely. It was turned into a prison. This prison could hold up to 575 adult men. In 2013, the prison closed down for a while. It then became a center for people waiting to be sent to another country in 2014. However, in 2017 and 2018, it was changed back into a prison.
Important Features of the Citadel
The Verne Citadel is a very important historical site. It is protected by law as a "scheduled monument." This means it is a nationally important archaeological site. In recent years, it has been on a special list. This list helps make sure important old buildings are looked after.
Many parts of the citadel are also listed as historic buildings. The main entrances, both north and south, are especially important. They are called Grade II* Listed. This means they are very special buildings. Even the railings near the north entrance are old and protected. Other parts, like the prison's blacksmith's shop and the chapel, are also listed as Grade II. This shows how much history is packed into the Verne Citadel.
