Aleksandr Stoletov facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Alexander Grigorievich Stoletov
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| Born | 10 August 1839 Vladimir, Vladimir Governorate, Russian Empire
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| Died | 27 May 1896 (aged 56) Moscow, Moscow Governorate, Russian Empire
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| Nationality | Russian |
| Alma mater | Lomonosov Moscow State University |
| Known for | discovering the principles of photoelectric effect |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics |
| Institutions | Lomonosov Moscow State University |
Alexander Grigorievich Stoletov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Григо́рьевич Столе́тов; August 10, 1839 – May 27, 1896) was an important Russian physicist. He helped start the field of electrical engineering. He was also a professor at Moscow University. Alexander was the brother of General Nikolai Stoletov.
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Alexander Stoletov: A Russian Physics Pioneer
His Life and Work
Alexander Stoletov finished his advanced studies in 1872. He became a professor at Moscow University just one year later.
After his studies, he became famous around the world for his science. In 1874, he went to the opening of a physics lab in Cambridge. He also represented Russia at a big electricity meeting in Paris in 1881. There, he shared his ideas about how electricity and magnetism are connected.
Amazing Discoveries in Physics
Stoletov made big contributions to science. He did important early work on ferromagnetism. This is about how certain materials, like iron, become magnetic. He also discovered the rules of the outer photoelectric effect. This is how light can make electricity.
Here are some of Alexander Stoletov's key achievements:
Understanding Magnetism
- Stoletov was the first to show something cool about iron. He found that as a magnetic field gets stronger, iron's ability to be magnetized first grows. But then, it starts to get weaker.
- He created a special graph called the Stoletov curve. This curve shows how easily magnetic materials can be magnetized.
- He also invented two new ways to measure how magnetic different materials are.
The Photoelectric Effect
- Stoletov deeply studied the outer photoelectric effect. This effect was first found by Heinrich Hertz in 1887. Stoletov published six papers about his findings.
- He created ways to measure and study the photoelectric effect very carefully.
- He discovered that the brighter the light, the more electricity it creates. This is known as Stoletov's law.
- He found a special number called the Stoletov constant. This number helps explain the link between electric current and gas pressure.
- He built the very first solar cell. This cell used the outer photoelectric effect to turn light into electricity. He also figured out how fast this process happens.
- He noticed that solar cells can lose their power over time. He called this the "fatigue" of solar cells.
Other Important Work
- Stoletov also calculated the relationship between different units of electricity and magnetism. His calculation was very close to the actual speed of light. This was a big deal!
See also
- List of Russian inventors
- Stoletov Moon crater was named after Alexander Stoletov.
