Algerian War facts for kids
The Algerian War, also called the Algerian War of Independence, was a major conflict between France and the National Liberation Front (FLN) in Algeria. It took place from 1954 to 1962. This war was fought mainly in Algeria and led to Algeria becoming an independent country. It was known for its guerrilla warfare tactics and was a very harsh conflict.
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What Was the Algerian War?
The Algerian War was a fight for independence. For many years, Algeria had been ruled by France. The people of Algeria wanted to be free and govern themselves. This desire for freedom led to a long and difficult war.
Why Did the War Start?
Algeria had been a French colony since 1830. Over time, many French people moved to Algeria. They were called "colons" or "pieds-noirs." Algerian people, especially the Arab and Berber populations, felt they were treated unfairly. They wanted more rights and eventually, full independence.
The National Liberation Front (FLN) was formed in 1954. This group wanted to achieve Algeria's independence through armed struggle. On November 1, 1954, the FLN launched attacks across Algeria. This day is often seen as the start of the war.
Who Fought in the War?
On one side was the French army, which included soldiers from France and some Algerians who supported French rule. On the other side was the National Liberation Army (ALN), which was the armed wing of the FLN. The ALN used guerrilla warfare, which means they used surprise attacks and small groups of fighters instead of large battles.
Life During the War
The war was very hard for everyone in Algeria. Many people were forced to leave their homes. Cities like Algiers saw intense fighting and bombings. Both sides used difficult methods during the conflict. The French army tried to control the FLN by setting up special zones and barriers. The FLN also tried to get support from the local people.
How Did the War End?
After years of fighting, the French government realized that the war was very costly. Many people in France also wanted the war to end. In 1962, France and the FLN signed the Évian Accords. This agreement officially ended the war.
On July 5, 1962, Algeria officially gained its independence. This day is now a national holiday in Algeria. Many French people who lived in Algeria moved back to France after independence.
Impact of the War
The Algerian War had a huge impact on both Algeria and France. For Algeria, it meant freedom and the chance to build its own country. For France, it was a difficult period that changed its relationship with its former colonies. The war is still an important part of the history of both countries.
Images for kids
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Battle of Somah in 1836
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Arrival of Marshal Randon in Algiers in 1857
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Algerian rebel fighters in the mountains
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National Liberation Army soldiers
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Houari Boumediène, a leader of the National Liberation Army and future President of Algeria, during the war
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The six historical Leaders of the FLN: Rabah Bitat, Mostefa Ben Boulaïd, Mourad Didouche, Mohammed Boudiaf, Krim Belkacem and Larbi Ben M'Hidi.
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Algiers: Muslim quarters (green), European quarters (orange), terrorist attacks
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Electrified barriers along the entire length of Algeria's eastern and western borders
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Barricades in Algiers, January 1960. The banner reads, "Long live Massu" (Vive Massu).
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FLN female bombers
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Commandos de Chasse of the 4th Zouave regiment. Zouave regiments were mostly composed of European settlers.
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Young Harki in uniform, summer 1961
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Ex-voto in Notre-Dame de la Garde thanking for the safe return of a son from Algeria, August 1958
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French North African Operations medal, 11 January 1958
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Former FLN member Saadi Yacef starred and co-produced The Battle of Algiers (1966) by Italian filmmaker Gillo Pontecorvo, which was critically acclaimed for its sense of historical authenticity and cast who had lived through the real war.
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See also
In Spanish: Guerra de Independencia de Argelia para niños
