Analgesic facts for kids

Painkillers are special medicines that help stop or reduce pain. You might also hear them called analgesics. There are different kinds of painkillers, and they all work on your nervous system to make you feel better.

It's important to know that some painkillers, like strong ones called opioids, must be used very carefully. If someone takes them for a long time, their body can get used to them, and they might need help to stop. Also, all medicines can have side effects. For example, taking too much paracetamol can be bad for your liver. Always follow the directions on the medicine or ask a trusted adult.

What Are Painkillers?

Painkillers are medicines designed to relieve different types of pain. They work by changing how your brain and body sense pain signals. When you hurt yourself, your body sends pain messages through your nerves to your brain. Painkillers can block these messages or change how your brain understands them, making the pain feel less intense.

Types of Painkillers

There are several main types of painkillers, each working a bit differently. Doctors choose the best type based on the kind of pain you have and how strong it is.

Paracetamol

Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen in some places, is a very common painkiller. It's often used for mild to moderate pain, like headaches, fevers, or muscle aches. It's found in many over-the-counter medicines.

Paracetamol is generally safe when used correctly. However, it's very important not to take more than the recommended dose. Taking too much can seriously harm your liver. Always check the label and ask an adult if you are unsure.

NSAIDs

NSAIDs (pronounced "en-saids") are another common type of painkiller. Famous examples include aspirin and ibuprofen. These medicines do more than just stop pain; they also reduce inflammation (swelling and redness) and lower fever.

NSAIDs are often used for pain caused by inflammation, such as:

• Muscle strains
• Sprains
• Arthritis pain
• Menstrual cramps

Like all medicines, NSAIDs can have side effects, especially if taken for a long time or in large doses. They can sometimes upset your stomach.

Opioids

Opioids are strong painkillers used for severe pain, like after a major surgery or for serious injuries. They work by attaching to special spots in your brain and spinal cord, blocking pain signals very effectively.

Because opioids are very powerful, they are usually only given by a doctor. It's very important to use them exactly as prescribed. If someone takes opioids for a long time, their body can become dependent on them. This means they might feel unwell if they stop taking the medicine suddenly. Doctors carefully manage how these medicines are used to keep people safe.

How to Use Painkillers Safely

It's super important to use painkillers safely. Here are some tips:

• Always ask an adult: Never take any medicine without asking a parent or guardian first.
• Read the label: Always read the instructions on the medicine package carefully.
• Follow the dose: Take only the amount recommended. Never take more, even if you still feel pain.
• Know what's in it: Some cold and flu medicines contain painkillers. Make sure you don't accidentally take too much by combining different medicines that have the same active ingredients.
• Store safely: Keep all medicines in a safe place, out of reach of younger children.

Remember, painkillers are helpful tools, but they need to be used responsibly to keep you safe and healthy.

See also

In Spanish: Analgésico para niños