Bailén facts for kids
Quick facts for kids
Bailén
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Parish church of the Incarnation.
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 Bailén
Location in Province of Jaén (Spain)
Bailén
Location in Andalusia
Bailén
Location in Spain
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| Country |  Spain |
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| Autonomous community |  Andalusia |
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| Province | Jaén | ||
| Comarca | Sierra Morena | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 117.6 km2 (45.4 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 343 m (1,125 ft) | ||
| Population
(2018)
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| • Total | 17,820 | ||
| • Density | 151.53/km2 (392.46/sq mi) | ||
| Demonym(s) | Bailenenses | ||
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) | ||
| Postal code |
23710
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Bailén is a town in Spain. It is located in the province of Jaén, which is part of the Andalusia region. The town is sometimes called Baylen in English.
Contents
Discovering Bailén's Past
Bailén has a very long and interesting history. It might be the ancient city of Baecula. Here, the Romans, led by Scipio the Elder, won important battles against the Carthaginians around 209 and 206 BC. These victories were a big part of Roman history.
Major Battles Near Bailén
Close by, in 1212, a huge battle took place. It was called the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa. In this battle, the Castilians, led by King Alphonso VIII, won a big victory against the Almohads. This was a very important moment in the history of Spain.
Old Buildings and Industries
Bailén is home to an old convent that dates back to the year 729. The town is also known for its many industries. These include making ceramics, producing wine, and offering hospitality services. People also grow crops and make olive oil in the area.
Famous Churches and Chapels
The town has several beautiful old buildings. The parish church of Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación is one of the most important. It was built in the 15th century in a style called Elizabethan Gothic. This church is now a Historical Monument.
Other notable religious buildings include:
- The hermitage of Nuestra Señora de la Soledad, also from the 15th century.
- The hermitages of Jesús and El Cristo, both built in the 18th century in a Baroque style.
- The hermitage of the Virgin of Zocueca, built between the 17th and 18th centuries.
- The parish of San José Obrero, which has a neighborhood that celebrates its festival on May 1st.
The Battle of Bailén (1808)
In 1808, a very important battle happened in Bailén during the Peninsular War. This war was fought between France and Spain. General Castaños of Spain defeated the French General Pierre Dupont. This was a major victory for the Spanish. It was the first big defeat for the French in the Peninsular War. General Dupont surrendered with 17,000 of his soldiers.
What Bailén Makes
Bailén is known for its many quarries. These are places where stone is dug out of the ground. Because of this, the town has a good reputation for making craft products from stone.
Famous People from Bailén
Some well-known people were born in Bailén:
- Felipe de Neve: He was the founder of Los Angeles, California in the United States.
- Gregorio Manzano: A famous football (soccer) coach.
Bailén's Sister Cities
Bailén has special connections with other towns around the world. These are called "twin towns" or "sister cities":
Images for kids
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Parish church of the Incarnation.
See also
In Spanish: Bailén para niños
