Beylik of Dulkadir facts for kids

Quick facts for kids Dulkadirids
1337–1522
An anachronistic map of the Anatolian beyliks in around 1330
Capital	Elbistan (1337–1507) Marash (1507–1522)
Religion	Islam (Sunni and Shia), Christianity
Government	Beylik
Beg
• 1337	Zayn al-Din Qaraja
• 1522	Ali
Historical era	Late Medieval
• Established	1337
• Disestablished	1522
Area
70,000 km2 (27,000 sq mi)
Preceded by Succeeded by Ilkhanate Mamluk Sultanate Ottoman Empire

The Beylik of Dulkadir (Turkish: Dulkadiroğulları Beyliği) was one of the Anatolian beyliks established by the Turkoman clans Bayat, Afshar, and Begdili after the decline of Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm.

Etymology

The meaning of Dulkadir is unclear. It was later Arabized or reinterpreted according to folk tradition as Dhu'l-Qadr, which means 'powerful' or 'mighty'. According to the 16th-century German historian Johannes Leunclavius, Dulkadir was a corruption of the Turkic name Ṭorg̲h̲ud. Franz Babinger considered it as very probable, as the name was likely derived from some Turkish name, further suggesting that this would also mean the dynasty of Dulkadir is related to the Turkoman tribe of Ṭorg̲h̲ud. On the other hand, Annemarie von Gabain proposed tulga-dar (lit. helmet-bearer) as the original Turkic word it sprang from. According to Turkologist Louis Bazin, the name may be rooted in the term "dolga," which means "to hurt" or "to agonize". Historian Faruk Sümer suggested that Dulkadir could be the Turkmen pronunciation of the Muslim given name Abdul Qadir parallel to how the Ilkhanate ruler Abu Sa'id (r. 1316 – 35) was known as "Busad" by his Turkmen subjects. Another historian Refet Yinanç supported Sümer's view.

Medieval Armenian authors referred to the Dulkadirids as Tulgharts'i, Tulgharats'i, Dulgharats'i, Tulghatarts'i, or Dulghatarts'i. While Persian sources spelled Dulkadir as Zulkadir, Arabic sources spelled it as Dulgadir or Tulgadir. Ottoman sources used a combination of Zulkadir and Dulkadir.

History

The principality was founded by Zayn al-Din Qaraja, a Turkoman chieftain, likely from the Bayat tribe, who established himself in the region of Elbistan in 1335, taking the town in 1337 and obtaining the title of na'ib from the Mamluk Sultan Al-Nasir Muhammad. In 1515, after the Battle of Turnadağ, the principality was conquered by the Ottoman Sultan Selim I's vizier Hadım Sinan Pasha and converted into a sanjak.

List of rulers