Capital of Brazil facts for kids
The capital of Brazil is Brasília. It's a special kind of city called a planned city. This means it was designed and built specifically to be the capital of the country. Brasília became the capital in 1960.
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Why Brasília? A New Idea for Brazil
For a long time, Brazil's capital was on the coast. But leaders had an idea to move the capital to the center of the country. They wanted to help develop the inner parts of Brazil. They also thought it would be safer from attacks by sea.
The idea to build a new capital in the interior of Brazil was actually quite old. It was even mentioned in Brazil's first constitution in 1891. But it took many years for the plan to become real.
Building Brasília was a huge project. It started in 1956 and was finished in just four years! Many workers came from all over Brazil to help build this amazing city.
Brasília's Unique Design
Brasília is famous for its unique design. If you look at it from above, the city is shaped like an airplane or a bird with outstretched wings. This design was created by a famous urban planner named Lúcio Costa.
The city's main buildings, like the National Congress and the Supreme Court, were designed by a famous architect, Oscar Niemeyer. His buildings are known for their modern and artistic shapes. Brasília is so special that it's even a World Heritage Site recognized by UNESCO.
Brazil's Capitals Through History
Brazil has had a few different capital cities over the years. Each one played an important role in the country's history.
Salvador: The First Capital
The very first capital of Brazil was Salvador. It was founded in 1549 by the Portuguese. Salvador was the capital during the time when Brazil was a colony of Portugal. It was a very important port city for trade. Salvador served as the capital until 1763.
Rio de Janeiro: The Imperial Capital
After Salvador, the capital moved to Rio de Janeiro. This happened in 1763. Rio de Janeiro was a very important city because of its port and its growing economy. It was the capital when Brazil was still a colony.
Rio de Janeiro remained the capital even after Brazil became an independent country in 1822. It was the capital during the time of the Brazilian Empire and then when Brazil became a republic. Rio was the capital for a very long time, until 1960.
Brasília: The Modern Capital
In 1960, the capital officially moved from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília. This was a big step for Brazil. It showed the country's desire to look to the future and develop its vast interior. Brasília remains the capital of Brazil today.
